首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Similarities and Differences between Public Speaking and Conversation ⅠBoth Public Speaking and Conversation need you to
Similarities and Differences between Public Speaking and Conversation ⅠBoth Public Speaking and Conversation need you to
admin
2012-03-23
39
问题
Similarities and Differences between Public Speaking and Conversation
ⅠBoth Public Speaking and Conversation need you to
1. organize ideas to present them in the most【1】You steadily build up a compelling case.
2. tailor your message to【2】
3. tell your story for maximum impact. —relate an【3】or use.
4. adapt to listener【4】
Ⅱ. Now let’s look at the Differences between Public
Speaking and Conversation
Public speaking and everyday conversation are not【5】
1. Public speaking is more highly【6】
2. Public speaking requires【7】language. Listeners usually【8】to speakers who do not elevate and polish their language when addressing an audience.
3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. Conversation: talking informally, interjecting phrases such as" like" and" you know," adopting a casual【9】posture, and using vocalized pauses. Public speaking: adjusting voices【10】clearly throughout the audience.
Similarities and Differences between Public Speaking and Conversation
Today, we will talk about the similarities and differences between public speaking and conversation.
First, similarities between public speaking and conversation.
How much time do you spend each day talking to other people? The average adult spends about 30 percent of her or his waking hours in conversation. As you will see, there are many similarities between daily conversation and public speaking.
You will have spent much of your life perfecting the art of conversation. You may not realize it, but you are already employ a wide range of skills when talking to people. These skills include the following:
1. Organizing your thoughts logically. Suppose you were giving someone directions to get to your house. You would take your listener systematically, step by step, from his or her house to your house. You would organize your message.
2. Tailoring your message to your audience. You are geology major. Two people ask you how pearls are formed. One is your roommate; the other is your nine-year-old niece. You answer as follows:
To your roommate: "When any irritant, say a grain of sand, gets inside the oyster’s shell, the oyster automatically secretes a substance called nacre, which is principally calcium carbonate and is the same material that lines the oyster’s shell. The nacre accumulates in layers around the irritant core to form the pearl. "
To your niece: "Imagine you’re an oyster on the ocean floor. A grain of sand gets inside your shell and makes you uncomfortable. So you decide to cover it up. You cover it with a material called mother-of-pearl. The covering builds up around the gain of sand to make a pearl. "
3. Telling a story for maximum impact. Suppose you are telling a friend about a funny incident at last week’s football game. You don’t begin with the punch line ("Keisha fell out of the stands right onto the field. Here’s how it started…"). Instead, you carefully build up your story, adjusting your words and tone of voice to get the best effect.
4. Adapting to listener feedback. Whenever you talk with someone, you are aware of that person’s verbal, facial, and physical reactions. For example:
You are explaining an interesting point that came up in biology class. Your listener begins to look confused, puts up a hand as though to stop you, and says "Huh?" You go back and explain more clearly.
Each day, in casual conversation, you do all these things many times without thinking about them. You already possess these communication skills. And these are among the most important skills you will need for public speaking.
To illustrate, let’s return briefly to one of the hypothetical situations at the beginning of this lecture. When addressing the school board about the need for a special teacher:
|You organize your ideas to present them in the most persuasive manner. You steadily build up a compelling case about how the teacher benefits the school.
|You tailor your message to your audience. This is no time to launch an impassioned defense of special education in the United States. You must show how the issue is important to the people in that very room--to their children and to the school.
|You tell your story for maximum impact. Perhaps you relate an anecdote to demonstrate how much your child has improved. You also have statistics to show how many other children have been helped.
|You adapt to listener feedback. When you mention the cost of the special teacher, you notice sour looks on the faces of the school board members. So you patiently explain how small that cost is in relation to the overall school budget.
In many ways, then, public speaking requires the same skills used in ordinary conversation. Most people who communicate well in daily talk can learn to communicate just as well in public speaking. By the same token, training in public speaking can make you a more adept communicator in a variety of situations, such as conversations, classroom discussions, business meetings, and interviews.
Now let’s look at the differences between public speaking and conversation.
Despite their similarities, public speaking and everyday conversation are not identical. Imagine that you are telling a story to a friend. Then imagine yourself telling the story to a group of seven or eight friends. Now imagine telling the same story to 20 or 30 people. As the size of your audience grows, the manner in which you present the story will change. You will find yourself adapting to three major differences between conversation and public speaking:
1. Public speaking is more highly structured. It usually imposes strict time limitations on the speaker. In most cases, the situation does not allow listeners to interrupt with questions or commentary. The speaker must accomplish her or his purpose in the speech itself. In preparing the speech, the speaker must anticipate questions that might arise in the minds of listeners and answer them. Consequently, public speaking demands much more detailed planning and preparation than ordinary conversation.
2. Public speaking requires more formal language. Slang, jargon, and bad grammar have little place in public speeches. As angry as she is about industrial pollution, when Wilma Subra speaks to a congressional committee,
she doesn’t say, "We’ve damn well got to stop the greedy creeps who pollute whole communities just to make a few more bucks. " Despite the growing informality of all aspects of American life, listeners usually react negatively to speakers who do not elevate and polish their language when addressing an audience. A speech should be "special. "
3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. When conversing informally, most people talk quietly, interject stock phrases such as "like" and "you know," adopt a casual posture, and use what are called vocalized pauses ("uh," "er," "urn"). Effective public speakers, however, adjust their voices to be heard clearly throughout the audience. They assume a more erect posture. They avoid distracting mannerisms and verbal habits.
Just now, we have talked about the similarities and differences between public speaking and conversation. With study and practice, you will be able to master these skills and expand your conversational skills into speechmaking.
选项
答案
casual
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/A2iO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Lastyear,whenPresidentGeorgeW.Bushannouncedthatfederalfundscouldbeusedtosupportresearchonhumanembryonicstem
BritainThemajorityofBritishpeopleworkin【1】industries.About20%workin【2】and5%inconstruction.Do-It-Yourself,orD
Meteorologistsroutinelytelluswhatnextweek’sweatherislikelytobe,andclimatescientistsdiscusswhatmighthappenin1
A、hedidn’twanttoapprovetheresignationofEducationMinister.B、theresignedofficialswantedtheopportunitytoprovethei
IsmailKadare,whowasrewardedtheManBooker【M1】______internationalprizeforliteraturethisyear,isthefirst
TheSkillsofEssayWritingWritingcanhelpyoutogetyourthoughtsclear,toexploresomeofyourideasandto【1】yourself
Havingsaidailofthis,Ishould,perhaps,locatemyself.IteachandwriteaboutalooseandbaggyterritorycalledLasAmeric
Imagineyoufoundoutthatideasinventedbyacomputerwereratedhigherbyindependentexpertsthanideascreatedbyagroupo
历史的道路,不会是平坦的,有时走到艰难的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河,有时流到很宽阔的境界,平原无际,一泻万甲。有时流到很逼狭的境界,两岸从山迭岭,绝壁断崖,江河流于期间,回环曲折,极其险峻。民族生命的进展,其经历亦
北京获得2008奥运会的举办权是世界对北京的认同和信任。根据“为人的和谐发展,以促进建立一个维护人的尊严的和平社会”的奥林匹克宗旨,北京提出了“绿色奥运、科技奥运、人文奥运”的举办理念。绿色奥运,就是将环境保护作为奥运设施规划和建设的首要条件。北京
随机试题
我国的社会主义发展战略只注重了经济的发展,而忽视了社会的综合发展。
关于植皮术的叙述,错误的是
台儿庄战役是中国军民在()战争中第一次空前的胜利,史称“台儿庄大捷”。
下列寻址方式中,()方式需要先计算,再访问主存。
(单选题)我们要把改革创新精神贯彻到治国理政的各个环节,毫不动摇地坚持改革方向,()。
有一种理论认为,证券市场在走向成熟时会使市场参与者的赢利趋向平均化,但是我们知道几乎国内外所有证券市场的价格都存在一定程度的扭曲。如果用更通俗的语言来表述,就是市场永远不会走到真正成熟的那一天,股票价格的定位根本不能用所谓理性的计算来获得。所以,我们将无法
传说中开天辟地、炼石补天、衔石填海的神话人物依次是:
锐进软件股份有限公司是一个由四个子公司,即甲、乙、丙、丁组成的总公司。在总公司的利润方案下,每个子公司承担的利润份额与每年该子公司员工占锐进软件股份有限公司总员工数的份额相等。但是去年该公司的财务报告却显示,甲公司在员工数量增加的同时向总公司上缴利润的比例
关于ARM处理器异常中断响应过程中,以下说法正确的是()。
有两个关系R,S如下:由关系R通过运算得到关系S,则所使用的运算为( )。
最新回复
(
0
)