首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
【F1】The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, ass
【F1】The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, ass
admin
2017-06-25
28
问题
【F1】
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision.
【F2】
Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis.【F3】
Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action.
Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.
One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later.【F4】
Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking-acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.
【F5】
Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue.
They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking-acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.
【F3】
选项
答案
大部分高层管理人员熟知传统的决策分析模式和工具,那些使用这些正式的系统化方法做出决定的人经常会对一种情况保持警惕,那就是有时此方法得出的结论和他们对正确行为的感觉不符。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AGbZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TherateofdeforestationintheBrazilianAmazonhasplummetedby77%inthepastsevenyears,butannualcarbonemissionsasso
Thereweresomeconsistentpatternsamongtheheavierreaders:Fortheyoungerchildren—ages6to11—beingreadaloudtoregula
LastweekIhadlunchwithamanwhousedtobeoneofthemostseniorbankersintheUK.Thetroublewithbusinesstoday,heco
APicassopaintingvaluedatabout$140millionisthecenterpieceofanewtypeofauctionatChristie’s,combiningModernand
Mostpeoplecanidentifytheirtoppriorityatwork.Generally,itwillbethepartofthejobthatismostproductivefortheir
KellySortinohadatoughtimerecallingwhatshe’daccomplishedattheendofeachbusyworkday.Herjobasheadoftheupper
ThereisageneralsupportfortheargumentDemocratsarebeginningtomakethatpriorityshouldbegiventoimprovingtheabili
Nothingdiminishesagreatplanforsuccesslikeacloudofselfdoubt.It’sdifficulttoproveyourabilitieswithanattitude
Hehasnotmorethanfivedollarsonhim.
Sheisverypatienttowardsherhusband,whichherhusbandseldomistoher.
随机试题
“不谋全局者,不足以谋一域。”所以,整体功能总是大于局部功能之和。()
流量计的安装对管路系统有何要求?
复合分组
患者男性,35岁,服用吲哚美辛10片后胃痛,今晨吐咖啡样胃内容物约250ml来诊,既往无胃病史。应采取的治疗措施有哪些
A.寻常疣B.扁平疣C.丝状疣D.掌跖疣E.传染性软疣
我国广西桂林象鼻山地貌形态属于__________;黄河壶口瀑布地貌形态属于__________。()
自由质点受力作用而运动时,质点的运动方向是()。
构成主义
开设人口教育课、环境教育课、闲暇与生活方式课等新课程,这些课程要融合历史、地理、化学、生物、物理、卫生等学科知识,这是()。
分母:除数()
最新回复
(
0
)