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  3. Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on

admin2016-01-29  26
问题     Phone data could predict with 87% accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms. "We found that the more time people spend on their phones, the more likely they are to be more depressed," says David Mohr, one of the authors of the study and director of the Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Northwestern researchers recruited 28 people ages 19 -58 from Craigslist and souped up their smartphones with location-and-usage monitoring software. At the start of the study, they took a standardized questionnaire that measures depressive symptoms; half of the subjects had symptoms of depression, and half did not. For two weeks, the phones tracked GPS location information every five minutes and pinged the users with questions about their mood several times a day. The phone data the researchers collected were rich; how many places the participants visited each day, how much time they spent in each of those places and how frequently they used their phones. The researchers then correlated this objective data with their depression test scores.
    What they hoped to find was a connection between the objective markers of behavior—such as where the people were and how often they changed locations—and their depression test results. Mohr and his team indeed found a strong correlation between these objective markers and depression. Phone data were even better than the daily questions the users answered to predict depression test results. "People who tend to spend more time in just one or two places—like people who stay at home or go to work and go back home—are more likely to have higher depression scores," says Mohr. When a person moved around was important, too; people who stuck to a regular pattern of movement tended to be less depressed, they found. " This fits into a larger body of clinical research showing that people with mental health problems in general, their circadian rhythms get thrown off," Mohr says. "Usually it’s looked at with sleep and activity, but here we’re seeing it also in terms of their movement through geographic space. " When people get depressed, he says, their mood may pull them off their routine.
    Depressed people, too, spent an average of 68 minutes using their phones each day, while people without depression only spent about 17 minutes on their phones. The software didn’t track what people did on their phones—just whether or not they were using it. But the authors have some ideas about why they saw phone activity rise with depression. " One of the things we see when people are depressed is that people tend to start avoiding tasks or things they have to do, particularly when they’re uncomfortable," Mohr explains. "Using the phone, going in and using an App, is kind of a distraction. "
    It’s preliminary research, but Mohr hopes to add to the number of smartphone sensors and use these to subtly help manage depression and spot it more quickly, without requiring any work on behalf of the user. " Being able to get people timely treatment for depression is a critical failure point in public health right now," Mohr says. An App that people download on their phones—without having to answer any questions—may help pinpoint their depressive states more effectively and help them get treatment.
It can be inferred from the passage that smartphones can______.
选项 A、be used to cure many diseases with the Apps
B、be used effectively to improve public health
C、be practical to urge people to work more effectively
D、be closely connected with one’s state of mind
答案D
解析 推理题。题干中的smartphone是整篇文章的主题词，也就是说这个题目实际是一个主旨题，而主题句其实就是第一句：Phone data could predict with 87％accuracy whether someone had depressive symptoms．也就是说智能手机可以用来帮助识别人们的抑郁情况，说明手机与人们的state of mind息息相关，这是一个很典型的模糊替换，故[D]为正确答案。最后一段第二句指出“现在在公共卫生中，是否能及时地治疗人们的抑郁症是一个关键的临界点”及最后一句“人们下载到他们手机中的App，不需要回答任何问题，就可以更有效地查明他们的抑郁状态，并且帮助他们得到治疗”，由此可知，手机只是帮助识别抑郁症状，而不能治愈抑郁症，故[A]排除。[B]NG，排除。[C]说手机可以督促人们去上班，属于NG，故排除。同学们一定要注意模糊替换啊!
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