2. 考研
  3. In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1~5, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fi

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1~5, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fi

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问题     In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1~5, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.
    During the past decade, the United States and Russia have joined in a number of efforts to reduce the danger posed by the enormous quantity of weapons-usable material withdrawn from nuclear weapons. Other countries and various private groups have assisted in this task.【C1】______
    These risks fall into three classes: the risk that some fraction, be it large or small, of the inventories of nuclear weapons held by eight countries will be detonated either by accident or deliberately; the risk that nuclear weapons technology will diffuse to additional nations; and the risk that nuclear weapons will reach the hands of terrorist individuals or groups.
    【C2】______
    Indeed, success in containing these risks would fly in the face of historical precedent. All new technologies have become dual-use, in that they have been used both to improve the human condition and as tools in military conflict. Moreover, all new technologies have, in time, spread around the globe. But this precedent must be broken with respect to the release of nuclear technology.
    【C3】______ Since the end of the Cold War, the likelihood that one or another country would deliberately use nuclear weapons has indeed lessened, although the consequences of such use would be enormous. Therefore, this risk has by no means disappeared. In particular, nuclear weapons might be used in a regional conflict, such as between India and Pakistan.
    【C4】______All other nations of the world have joined the treaty as "Non-Nuclear Weapons States",but one country(North Korea)has withdrawn. Some countries—presumed to include Iran and. until the ouster of Saddam Hussein, Iraq—maintain ambitions to gain nuclear weapons. A much larger number of countries have pursued nuclear weapons programs in the past but have been persuaded to abandon them.
    【C5】______In order to decrease the discriminatory nature of the agreement, the nations possessing nuclear weapons are obligated to assist other nations in the peaceful applications of nuclear energy. And, most important of all, the Nuclear Weapons States have agreed to reduce the role of nuclear weapons in international relations and to work in good faith toward their elimination. It is in respect to this latter obligation that the United States has been most deficient. In fact, the current Bush administration’s recent Nuclear Posture Review projects an indefinite need for many thousands of nuclear weapons, and even searches for new missions for them.
    [A]Therefore, the prevention of nuclear catastrophe caused by terrorists has to rely either on interdicting the explosive materials that are essential to making nuclear weapons(highly enriched uranium and plutonium, in particular)or on preventing the hostile delivery of such weapons.
    [B]The risk of proliferation of nuclear weapons among countries has been limited in the past by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty(NPT), signed in 1968. The treaty recognizes five countries as "Nuclear Weapons States," and three other countries not party to the treaty are de facto possessors of nuclear weapons.
    [C]The United States has undertaken diverse programs to reduce these risks. But efforts have been slow and irregular, and the priorities in addressing these problems have been distorted by politics.
    [D]But many impediments have prevented effective results, and most of the dangers still remain. Even more troubling, this threat is only one of several risks imposed on humanity by the existence of nuclear weapons.
    [E]Risk is the product of the likelihood of an adverse event multiplied by the consequences of that event.
    [F]The NPT is a complex bargain that discriminates between have and have-not countries. The have-not nations have agreed not to receive nuclear weapons, their components, or relevant information, whereas the Nuclear Weapons States have agreed not to furnish these items.
    [G]Although public agencies and private groups in the United States have been working with Russia to improve "materials protection control and accounting" of its dangerous materials, actual achievements have been moderate.
【C2】
选项
答案C
解析 本题可以联系上下文来确认选项。上文介绍了核武器具体存在的三类风险。下文指出遏制风险是对历史做法的违背，因为所有的技术都具有两面性。联系上下文可知中间缺少遏制危险的具体行动．以及这些活动所产生的效果。通读选项可知C选项涉及美国对遏制核武器风险所采取了多种计划及其效果。故C选项是最佳选项。
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