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  3. Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban populations

Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban populations

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问题     Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more produce. Railroad refrigerator car enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables great distance and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the 1890’s, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes and tomatoes, previously available for a month at most, for up to six month of the year. In addition, increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store perishables. An easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the 1870’s, and by 1900 the nation had more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the 1920’s and 1930’s.
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答案 其他各种趋势和发明促使美国人的日常饮食可以多样化。不断增长的城市人口加大了对水果和蔬菜的需求，这促使果农和菜农生产更多的农产品。因为有了铁路冷藏车，种植者和肉类填装者就可以长途运输易腐食品并对其长期保存。这样到了19世纪90年代，北方城市的居民在一年中有六个月可以品尝到南部和西部的草莓、葡萄和西红柿，而从前供应这些水果的时间最多只有一个月。另外，随着冰盒使用量的增加很多家庭可以储存易腐食品。19世纪70年代，一种商业化生产冰的简易方法被发明出来。到了1900年全国有二千多家冰厂，其中多数都生产家庭用冰。冰盒在多数家庭里成为一种固定设备，这种情况一直持续到20世纪20年代和30年代机械化的电冰箱将其替代。
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