首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How MEMORY WORKS 1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occu
How MEMORY WORKS 1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occu
admin
2013-04-25
52
问题
How MEMORY WORKS
1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occurs in two stages: short-term and long term.Short-term memory reflects an immediate sensory perception of an object or idea that occurs before the image is stored.Short-term memory enables you to dial a telephone number after looking it up but without looking at the number directly.If you call the number frequently, it becomes stored in long-term memory and can be recalled several weeks after you originally looked it up.Short-term memory and long-term memory can be thought of as memory structures, each varying as to how much information it can hold and for how long.
2 Memory relies on the ability to process information.Information processing begins with the environmental stimuli that you see, hear, smell, taste, and feel.These experiences are initially recorded in the brain’s sensory register, which holds information just long enough (one to three seconds) for you to decide whether to process it further.Information that you do not selectively
attend to
will disappear from the system.However, if you recognize and attend to the information as meaningful or relevant, it is sent to short-term memory.Short- term memory can hold approximately seven unrelated bits of information at a time.
3 Short-term memory is often called working memory because it holds information that you are working with at a given moment, but only for about 20 seconds.Then, unless the information is processed further, it is quickly forgotten.For example, if you were asked to dial an unfamiliar telephone number, received a busy signal, and were then distracted by something else for 20 seconds, you probably would have forgotten the number at that point.Unless information in short-term memory is processed further, it does not
make it to
long- term memory.
4 Several control processes enable the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.One such process is rehearsal, or "practice makes perfect." Rehearsal is when you repeat something to yourself over and over.
The purpose behind such behavior is usually to memorize information for later use, although sometimes it is simply to hold information in short-term memory for immediate use.
For example, you may rehearse a telephone number by saying it aloud so you can redial it after getting a busy signal without having to look it up again in the phone book.Another process that enables the transfer of information to long-term memory is the association of new data with data previously learned and stored in long-term memory.Thus, it is easier to learn a new card game if you already have "
card sense
" from playing other games.
5 For cognitive psychologists, long-term memory is the most interesting of the memory structures, and most believe that the storage capacity of long-term memory is unlimited and contains a permanent record of everything you have learned.Long-term memory plays an influential role throughout the information processing system.The interests, attitudes, skills, and knowledge of the world existing in your long-term memory influence what you perceive and how you interpret your perceptions.
They
also affect whether you process information for short-term or long-term storage.
6 Long-term memory can hold recollections of personal experiences as well as factual knowledge acquired through other means such as reading.It also holds skills such as knowing how to ride a bicycle.In its ability to learn and remember, the brain can distinguish between facts and skills.When you acquire factual knowledge by memorizing dates, word definitions, formulas, and other information, you can consciously retrieve this fact memory from the data bank of your long-term memory.In contrast, skill memory usually involves motor activities that you learn by repetition without consciously remembering specific information.You perform learned motor skills, such as walking or riding a bicycle, without consciously recalling the individual steps required to do these tasks.
All of the following enhance the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory EXCEPT
选项
A、deciding that information is not meaningful or relevant
B、repeating information over and over to oneself
C、linking new information with data in long-term memory
D、performing a task frequently and repeatedly
答案
A
解析
Deciding that information is not meaningful or relevant does not enhance the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term menory; in fact, it decreases the likelihood of the information being sent to memory at all.All of the other answers are given: Several control processes enable the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.One such process is rehearsal...Rehearsal is when you repeat something to yourself over and over, Another process that enables the transfer of information to long-term memory is the association of new data with data previously, learned and stored in long-term memory; ...skill mentory usually involves motor activities that you learn by repetition...( 1.2)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BSyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Howdidthestudentgettheuniversityprospectus?doaidwork
【21】Shesaysthatnon-nativespeakerstudentsneedtoanticipateand______inordertogetinvolvedinseminardiscussions.
Questions26-30CompletethefollowingsentencesusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
Completethesentencesbelow.WriteONEWORDONLYforeachanswer.HowtheextremophilessurviveAccesstothesun’sheatcanc
ChooseTHREEletters,A-G.WhichTHREEcompulsorycoursesmustbetaken?AMedicalScienceBComputingCMathematicsDLaborator
Whichattitudeisassociatedwiththefollowingpeopleduringtheconversation?ChooseSIXanswersfromtheboxandwritetheco
Whichattitudeisassociatedwiththefollowingpeopleduringtheconversation?ChooseSIXanswersfromtheboxandwritetheco
ChooseTWOletters,A-E.WhichTWOtopicsdopeoplemostfrequentlyaskabout?Atheidealtemperaturesettingonthethermostat
A、Studentsmightnotconsiderthemtobeanimportantpartofculture.B、Theysymbolizetherebellionofyouthinthe1950’s.C、
ArtMuralsWhatisthepurposeofhavinganairspacebetweentheouterwallandtheplaster?
随机试题
穴位注射的剂量主要决定于注射的部位,一般四肢每穴注射
画出电阻、电感串联后再与电容并联的交流电路及相量图。
应收账款的成本主要包括()
我国目前的医疗保险模式属于
A.太阳经绝证B.脏腑精气将绝C.脾肾亏虚D.脾气虚衰E.吐泻伤津
安全带是防止高处作业人员发生坠落或发生坠落后将作业人员安全悬挂的个人防护装备,被广大建筑工人誉为“救命带”。如下图所示安全带,属于()。
()的难点是公式的科学性、准确性难以把握。
在情节反应中,与愤怒情绪产生关系最密切的神经中枢是()。(2018年)
SQL语句:SELECT*FROM班级WHERE班级号NOTIN;(SELECT班级号FROM学生)该语句等价于:SELECT*FROM班级WHERENOT______;(SELECT*FROM学生WHERE班级
AnkitaAgarwal:Yourarticlemademeashamed.I’vealwaysthoughtofmyselfasnotthetypicalself-absorbedteenager,butIgue
最新回复
(
0
)