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  3. In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of fact

In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of fact

admin2015-01-31  38
问题     In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
    Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV(or a similar distraction)can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
    A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them, in other words, how much they remembered eating.
    This disparity(差异)suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
    "Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal," Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."
    These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’ s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里)milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones(荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’ d consumed a higher-calorie shake.
    What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
    The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.
What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite?
选项 A、Trick ourselves into eating less.
B、Choose food with fewer calories.
C、Concentrate on food while eating.
D、Pick dishes of the right size.
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干中的人名：Brunstrom和关键词control our appetite可定位至文章最后一段，最后一段指出Brunstrom认为mindful-eating这一策略。可以抵抗干扰，并有助于控制食欲，另外，由于此处为the so-called mindful-eating…考生需定位到上一段才能看出mindful-eating strategies具体指的是上文的focusing on ourfood and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating． C中concentrate on food是focusing on…的同义转述，故C为本题的答案。该题难点在于需要通过定位段的关键词，继续搜索相关细节内容，弄清定冠词the所指代内容，进而找出答案。
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