2. 外语
  3. For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Academic Cheating. You should write at least 120 words

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Academic Cheating. You should write at least 120 words

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问题     For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Academic Cheating. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1．报告显示，当前学术造假是普遍现象
2．学术造假会带来许多危害
3．应该从法律和道德方面采取措施消除“学术造假”
                        Academic Cheating
选项
答案 Academic Cheating When reading newspaper or surfing the Internet, we are often attracted by the news or reports about academic plagiarizing. It is reported that a large number of researchers copy others’ academic achievements directly and some students commit plagiarism when writing their papers. There are, however, several demerits which never can we turn a blind eye to. First and foremost, it goes without saying that this cheating behavior impairs the protection of intellectual property rights. Secondly, it does great harm to the cultivation of qualified talents. Dishonest graduates can hardly be trusted. Even worse, students who cheat in academy will be punished. For instance, Li Ming, one of my closest friends, was expelled from college and deprived of the bachelor’s degree. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced stringently to prohibit cheating in academy. Second, students and researchers should enhance their awareness of innovation. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.
解析 这是一篇典型的提纲作文。要求考生按照所给的提纲要点和思路，紧扣短文的段落结构和中心思想进行写作的一种命题作文。认真细致地推敲所给的提纲．审题是提纲作文要做的第一步，因为我们必须按照提纲的思路进行写作，否则写得再好也是背道而驰。
    文章第一段交待背景，采用了“背景现状+具体事例”的模式。首先指出学术造假成为了一种普遍现象．“When reading newspaper or surfing the Internet，we are often attracted by the news or reports about academic plagiarizing．”接着列出了学术造假的两类人群: the researchers和the students，即用举例的方法加以展开，同时指出了下文所要分析的对象，使读者明确方向。
    第二段的首句是本段的主题句，“There are，however，several demerits which never can we turn a blind eye to．”并在下文从三个方面论证了学术造假的缺点．在提出三个方面的时候，作者使用了连接词: first and foremost，secondly和even worse，这些词犹如指路的明灯，使论证思路清晰．
    接下来最后一段指出了针对学术造假所要采取的措施，即在法律上制定法律法规，以及研究者和学生在思想上提高创新意识。要尤为注意的是形式主语句的使用；it is essential that…(重要的是……)，it is reasonable for us to…(我们做……是合理的)，以及第二段中的it goes without saying that…(……不言而喻)。英语中常使用非人称的主语，使句子更加地道，同学们可以学习使用。
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大学英语四级

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