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  3. [A] Excess supply has forced the prices of solar panels down by more than 40% this year. In Asia factories that recently cropp

[A] Excess supply has forced the prices of solar panels down by more than 40% this year. In Asia factories that recently cropp

admin2023-03-22  29
问题     [A]   Excess supply has forced the prices of solar panels down by more than 40% this year. In Asia factories that recently cropped up are running at 40% of capacity, with a huge shakeout expected. But Japanese makers are protected because they can manufacture cells less expensively than European firms and have better technology than Chinese ones. They are also sheltered in their home market, where customers prefer domestic products.
    [B]  Factories have mushroomed all over the world in recent years, on the assumption that subsidies and loans for solar power would continue to grow, along with the world economy. Chinese manufacturers’ share grew sixfold in the past four years, capturing more than one-third of the global market. This prompted fears that Japan’s strength in solar would go the way of computer chips and television screens, in which Japanese firms have lost their dominance over rivals from elsewhere in Asia.
    [C]   Additionally, Japanese companies are following some American and European rivals into electricity generation. Sharp, for example, is negotiating a deal with Enel, Italy’s biggest power company, under which it will build solar panels for use in Enel’s solar-power plants. Enel will help to finance the panel factory and Sharp will take a stake in the plants. In March Mitsubishi, a large trading company, acquired 34% of Amper Central Solar, a power plant in Portugal.
    [D]   To avoid this fate, Japanese firms have concentrated on improving their technology and adjusting their business models. They have the most sophisticated kit, respected brands and healthy balance sheets. All this should spare them the worst amid the present solar oversupply. The entire industry’s sales are expected to be below 7,000 megawatts this year. That is roughly half of its capacity. The economic crisis has led to the cancellation of many big projects, and subsidies for solar power in Germany and Spain are being reduced.
    [E]   Many Japanese solar firms are in fact expanding. The country’s four biggest power companies are investing billions of dollars to double their production, at least, over the next three years. They expect an increase in demand owing to growing subsidies for renewable energy in America and Japan. The Japanese government reintroduced generous handouts for solar power this year. These had stopped three years ago, when it had seemed that the market could support itself. Between April and June domestic sales increased by 80% in volume, while sales elsewhere slumped.
    [F]  Until five years ago Japan made around half of the world’s solar cells, thanks to its thirst for native energy and its expertise in the related fields of computer chips and flat screens for televisions. Sharp, which alone has made a quarter of all the solar cells ever produced, dominated the industry. But as solar technology matured and demand grew, new companies emerged, notably in China, eroding Japanese firms’ share of the market to around 20%. Sharp slipped to fourth place among manufacturers in the previous year.
    [G]   At the Motosumiyoshi commuter-train station in Kawasaki, a suburb of Tokyo, sleek solar panels serve as an awning over the platform. On a recent sunny day, they were producing 33 kilowatts of electricity, equivalent to the consumption of 40 homes. The system supplies 15% of the energy used by the station, and avoids many tons of greenhouse-gas emissions annually. As long as the state’s demand of clean and native energy exists, solar power’s future is bright in the land of the rising sun.
    F→【D16】→【D17】→【D18】→【D19】→【D20】→G
【D16】
选项
答案B
解析 本题在F之后。F提及日本太阳能产业受到其他国家的冲击，像夏普这样的大企业的全球排名也有所下降。B承接F，以中国企业为例，进一步说明日本太阳能产业受到的冲击，两段语义衔接，联系紧密。A谈到产能过剩带来的问题和日本企业在这个问题上的优势。但F没有提到产能过剩，若F后接A会显得突兀，故不选A。C首句的Additional暗示上文会谈及日本企业采取的其他措施，而F中并没有相关信息，故C也不选。D开头说到To avoid this fate，说明前文会说到日本太阳能产业可能面临的命运，但是在F中无法找到this fate合适的指代对象，故不选D。E一开头便说日本太阳能企业实际上在扩张，与F谈论的主题前后矛盾，又无转折词，故不选。最终，确定答案为B。
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