首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment I. Definition of culture — Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment I. Definition of culture — Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____
admin
2017-04-25
64
问题
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment
I. Definition of culture
— Culture is a group which shapes a person’s【T1】_____【T1】______
— Cultural identities originate from race,【T2】_____, gender, etc.【T2】______
II. Cultural assumptions Cause of cultural conflicts:
differences in values and【T3】______【T3】______
Example A:
— Women wrote excellent proposal but they failed in interview part
— They preferred to have【T4】_____ before being questioned【T4】______
Example B:
— A city in Alaska celebrated 200th year of fur Russian trader
— Native Indian tribe was offended
— The activity implied there was no【T5】_____ before【T5】______
III. Identifying cultural conflicts
Three dimensions of cultural conflicts
A. content
B.【T6】_____ issues【T6】______
C. clash of values
Three signs of identifying conflicts
— complex combinations of【T7】_____ about behaviors【T7】______
— If the previous two dimensions do not resolve the conflict, then cultural differences are the root cause
—【T8】_____ still causes conflict and emotion【T8】______
IV. Resolving cultural conflicts
Resolution 1:【T9】_____ the cultural dimension【T9】______
— acknowledgment that the conflict contains a cultural dimension
— all sides are【T10】_____ to deal with all conflict dimensions【T10】______
— systematic phased work is needed Four phases:
A.【T11】_____ of each other’s【T11】______
B. Understand cultural perception of both sides
C. Know how problems are handled【T12】_____【T12】______
D. Develop conflict solutions Resolution 2: Learning about other cultures
— Knowledge could be obtained from training programs,
reading, talking and【T13】_____【T13】______
— Acquiring a broad knowledge of【T14】_____, not stereotyping【T14】______
Resolution 3: Altering practices and procedures in the organizations
—【T15】_____ change is necessary to make system culturally sensitive【T15】______
【T14】
Resolving Conflict in a Multicultural Environment
Good morning, everyone. Today I will discuss cultural dimension in conflict and its resolution in application to local government entities. The demographic and cultural attitudes of the U.S. population are changing. Current statistical research shows that one out of four Americans is of Hispanic origin or a person of color. They would constitute the majority of the American population by the middle of the 21st century. The "melting pot" concept never became the reality. Currently, many groups prefer to maintain their traditions and beliefs and resist assimilation into Eurocentric or Anglo culture. Those demographic and perceptional changes create the necessity for governmental agencies to develop a better understanding of cultural differences and conflicts promoted by them. In today’s talk, I will briefly touch upon the definition of culture, cultural assumptions, and identify and resolve cultural conflicts.
First of all, the definition of culture.[1]Culture is a group which shapes a person’s values and identity. A single term used to define a particular culture is often exclusive. For example, the term "Hispanic" does not take into account cultural differences between Cuban-Americans and Mexican-Americans. Cultural identities can stem from the following differences:[2]race, ethnicity, gender, class, religion, country of origin and geographic region.
Secondly, about cultural assumptions.[3]Cultural conflicts arise because of the differences in values and norms of behavior of people from different cultures. A person acts according to the values and norms of his or her culture; another person holding a different worldview might interpret his or her behavior from an opposite standpoint. This situation creates misunderstanding and can lead to conflict. Often people of the mainstream America, the Anglo culture, perceive their behaviors and beliefs as an ultimate norm, forgetting that Anglo culture is just one of the multiple cultures existing in the USA They are often unable to perceive their own cultural distinctiveness. For example, a group of women wrote an excellent and detailed proposal, but did badly during the interview part of the evaluation. It happened because those women came from a culture where establishing personal relationships precedes business relationships.[4]These women felt uncomfortable when government officials did not allow time for casual conversation and immediately moved toward firing questions at them. The following case exemplifies how unintentionally one cultural group can hurt the feelings of the other. The city of Kenai, Alaska was planning a celebration of 200 years since the first Russian fur traders came to the region.[5]A Native Indian tribe which lived in Alaska for a thousand years was offended by the implication that before the Russians came to the region there was no civilization there. As a result the celebration turned to a year-long event and Native Indian culture became its basis. By the end of the celebration, the Kenai Bicentennial Visitors and Cultural Center was completed. Thus, accommodation of different cultural interests helped the region to recognize its historical past.
Thirdly, identifying cultural conflicts. Cultural conflict has three dimensions.[6]To the two dimensions that every conflict has—content and relational—cultural conflict adds the third one—"a clash of cultural values." This third dimension constitutes the foundation of the conflict since it determines personal identity. Cultural conflict can be identified by the following signs:(1)it usually has complicated dynamics.[7]Cultural differences mentioned above tend to create complex combinations of expectations about one’s own and others’ behaviors.(2)If addressing content and relational issues does not resolve the conflict, it can be rooted in cultural differences.(3)[8]Conflict reoccurs or raises strong emotions even though the issue of disagreement is insignificant.
Finally, when we identify the cultural conflicts, how could we resolve them? The resolution of cross-cultural conflict begins with identifying whether cultural issues are involved. There are three ways of cross-cultural conflict resolution.
Resolution 1:[9]Probing for the cultural dimension. The resolution process should start from the parties’ acknowledgment that their conflict contains a cultural dimension.[10]Next, there should be willingness on all sides to deal with all conflict dimensions including the cultural one. Third, systematic phased work on the conflict is needed. One expert has identified four phases:(1)[11]the parties describe what they find offensive in each other’s behavior,(2)they get an understanding of the other party’s cultural perceptions;(3)[12]they learn how the problem would be handled in the culture of the opponent;(4)they develop conflict solutions. Resolution of the conflict is particularly complicated if the conflict arose not just out of misunderstanding of the other’s behavior, but because of incompatible values.
Resolution 2: Learning about other cultures. People can prevent cross-cultural conflicts by learning about cultures that they come in contact with.[13]This knowledge can be obtained through training programs, general reading, talking to people from different cultures, and learning from past experiences. Important aspects of cultural education are understanding your own culture and developing cultural awareness[14]by acquiring a broad knowledge of values and beliefs of other cultures, rather than looking at them through the prism of cultural stereotypes.
Resolution 3: Altering organizational practices and procedures. Often the organizational structure reflects the norms of just one culture and inherits the cultural conflict.[15]In such cases, structural change becomes necessary to make the system more sensitive to cultural norms of other people.
All right. In closing, I would like to reiterate that conflict, depending on the outcome, can be a positive or negative experience for an organization. With changing demographics, cultural differences become an acute issue. Many groups resist assimilation and wish to preserve their cultural distinctiveness, which makes cultural conflict education an essential tool for mamtaining healthy relations in organizations and society in general. I hope my talk today has helped detect the cultural conflicts and you will be able to resolve them with ease.
选项
答案
values and beliefs
解析
录音提到,文化教育的重要方面是了解自己的文化,通过获取关于其他文化价值观和信仰的广泛知识来发展自己的文化意识。因此本题填入values and beliefs。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/C7zK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Insociolinguistics,thewholeofaperson’slanguageisreferredtoas
Alinguisticsituationinwhichtwostandardlanguagesareusedeitherbyanindividualorbyagroupofspeakersiscalled
TheAmericangovernmentisdividedintothreebranches:thelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial.Theyarerepresentedby
______isthepopularsongwhichrepresentsthesufferingsandfightsofBritishfarmers.
"Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps."Thisstatementrepresents
WheredothemajorityofpeopleinScotlandlive?
TheRomanticPeriodinAmericanLiteraryhistorystartedwiththepublicationof
Asmartmachinesuchasthisonewouldbecapableofhelpingpeopleinavarietyofprofessions.
Oneoutofeverytenpersonsinthe1978UnitedStateslaborforcewasateenager,comparedbyoneoutoffifteenin1960.
随机试题
关于阴性对比剂的叙述,不正确的是
患者身热不恶寒,反恶热,烦渴喜冷饮,神昏谵语,便秘溲赤,手足逆冷,舌红苔黄而干,脉沉数有力。其证候是
关于正常产妇产后护理以下哪项不妥
脊柱裂先天肾缺如
女性,30岁,3个月来反复发热,38℃左右,伴关节酸痛就诊。体格检查:轻度贫血,心界不大,心率96次/分,心尖部可闻及3级收缩期吹风样带乐性杂音,并有收缩中期喀喇音,诊断为风心病,二尖瓣关闭不全,发热待查。入院后首先处理是
合伙人的权利有哪些?合伙人的义务有哪些?
瑙鲁位于夏威夷与澳大利亚之间,距赤道56公里,土地面积21平方公里,大小相当于一个中型机场。人口l万多,其中有外籍劳工3000多人。然而就是这个小岛却拥有世界上最丰富的磷矿。这个世界上最小的共和国曾跻身于全球富国的行列。但是目前,这件事情已经结束了。在这个
设x=2a+b,y=ka+b,其中|a|=1,|b|=2,且a⊥b.若以x和y为邻边的平行四边形面积为6,则k的值为_________.
在商务活动过程中,(31)________是通过单向哈希(Htash)函数完成明文到密文加密的。
Forthefunctionf(x)=x2+x,whatisthevalueoff(-5)?
最新回复
(
0
)