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  3. Friends of the Earth International(FOE)has just issued its report Nature-. Poor People’s Wealth in conjunction with the G8 Summi

Friends of the Earth International(FOE)has just issued its report Nature-. Poor People’s Wealth in conjunction with the G8 Summi

admin2016-10-15  61
问题     Friends of the Earth International(FOE)has just issued its report Nature-. Poor People’s Wealth in conjunction with the G8 Summit of rich nations at Gleneagles in Scotland. The FOE report aims to highlight the importance of natural resources in poverty eradication.
    "Poverty is the greatest shame and scandal of our era," according to FOE. All too predictably, a good bit of the report consists of a tiresome standard-issue anti-globalization screed against "neoliberal" economic policies and evil "transnational corporations". FOE notes that policy debates over how to alleviate poverty "tend to emphasize the monetary aspect of poverty, whereas many other factors— including access to and control over natural resources and land, employment, health, nutrition, education, access to services, conflict, political power and social inclusion—also play crucial roles".
    In many of the instances cited by FOE where poor people and natural resources are being misused or abused, there are no clear property rights. In some cases, the governments simply assert ownership and ride roughshod over the desires of the local people who were under the impression that the land was theirs. In others, corrupt national governments collude with powerful interests to seize poor peoples’ lands and resources.
    Amusingly, while the FOE report insists on all kinds of rights for the world’s poor, including environmental, human, political, collective, legal, and women’s rights, there is in the report not a single mention of the word "property", as in "property rights". While FOE is to be commended for its support for restoring stolen land to poor people around the globe, it just cannot bring itself to permit individual poor people to own land. Consequently, most of the "sustainable development" schemes endorsed by FOE involve collective ownership of land and natural resources.(By collective ownership, FOE most emphatically does not mean corporate ownership.)Collective ownership by a defined group is better than government theft, but it limits the options of the joint owners who are subject to the tyranny of generally conservative majorities who stifle entrepreneurship. Evidently, FOE would prefer that poor people sit around voting all day rather than getting rich.
    Friends of the Earth would do well to read the work of Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto, who has minutely detailed how the lack of property rights throughout the developing world keeps billions poor. Without clear title to their land, houses, stores, and so forth, the poor cannot sell their assets or borrow against them. Since their "properties" are subject to seizure at the whim of a government bureaucrat, the poor are understandably reluctant to invest in improving them. Thus they remain poor. The poor benefit from secure private property rights even more than the rich do.
FOE challenges ______in poverty eradication.
选项 A、the monetary aspect of poverty
B、neoliberal economic policies
C、political power and social status
D、the possession of natural resources
答案B
解析 根据第二段第二句“…a good bit of the report consists of a tiresome standard—issue anti—globalization screed against‘neoliberal’economic policies…”，B应为答案。
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