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According to one of those often-quoted statistics that should be true but probably isn’t, the average number of people who read

admin2019-08-08  19
问题    According to one of those often-quoted statistics that should be true but probably isn’t, the average number of people who read a PhD thesis all the way through is 1.6. And that includes the author. More interesting might be the average number of PhD theses that the typical scientist has read from start to finish. Would it reach even that benchmark? 【F1】What we know for sure is that the reading material keeps on coming, with tens of thousands of new theses typed up each year.
   Completing a thesis represents a coming of age not just scientifically, but also educationally and personally. 【F2】It signals the passing of an intellectual milestone—from a student under the care of a supervisor to an individual who asks questions of their own. It marks the end of formal education, and graduation to a new phase in life. For many people, it also sees their departure from science altogether. 【F3】Often, the PhD years coincide with significant personal events, as we mature emotionally and meet friends, partners and colleagues who will stay with us for life. All this can also turn thesis-writing into a more significant event than merely the writing up of a (usually) minor piece of science.
   Still, it’s perhaps too easy to get sentimental over the thesis. For a start, the process has to keep up with the times. The PhD is already assessed in many different ways around the world and scientists should welcome ways to keep it relevant. 【F4】The goal of PhD assessment everywhere remains, rightly, to demonstrate that a student has conducted, and can communicate, independent, original research. But the way in which that’s achieved can and should be improved.
   For one thing, it doesn’t have to involve a vast printed volume. A lot of students could do themselves, their supervisors, their examiners and their wider audience a favor by keeping it crisp and short Postgraduate supervisors should stress this at the beginning. And it’s important to make the work in the thesis available to future researchers by publishing or sharing the data in some form. To contribute to the world beyond the author’s immediate circle, a PhD thesis should be read and used, and not just serve as a shelf ornament or doorstop.
   For those inspired to go back to their own thesis, and those who are examining a freshly written one, it’s best to be kind. 【F5】As long as the fundamentals are there—the question is interesting and the approach and analysis rigorous—it’s fair to forgive the typos and the research paths that turned out to be dead ends.
【F3】
选项
答案很多时候，读博是一个心智成熟的过程，我们很多人生大事可能就在读博时期发生，比如说遇见我们的挚友、伴侣，或者结识以后将要一起共事的同事。
解析 ①主句中，主语the PhD years指“读博时期”；A coincide with B表示“A、B同时发生”；significant personal events类似于中文里的“人生大事”。②as引导的状语从句中，包含and连接的两个并列谓语mature和meet；mature表示“变得成熟”，emotionally副词作状语修饰mature，表示“心理上成熟”；第二个谓宾结构中，宾语后接一个who引导的定语从句。③as所引导的状语从句可以理解为时间状语从句，即“读博期间随着我们心理逐渐成熟，我们的很多人生大事也在此期间发生”，也可以理解为原因状语从句，即“因为我们在这段期间会碰到朋友、伴侣、同事，所以读博是我们很多人生大事发生的时期”。
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