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  3. In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private- -should have little or no impact on the

In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private- -should have little or no impact on the

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问题     In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private- -should have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earnings differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs’s results suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed of government employees would by 14. 6 percent greater than the earnings of women in an industry composed exclusively of private employees, other things being equal.
    In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis, Brown made an experiment. His results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self-employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest. For women, this order is reversed.
    One can infer from Brown’s results that consumers discriminate against self-employed women. In addition, self-employed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions.
    Brown’s results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its discrimination is not having as much effect on women’s earnings as is discrimination in the private sector. (302 words)
What is the author’s intention to write this article?
选项 A、To protest against the discrimination against women.
B、To show how much she has suffered as a woman.
C、To further prove Fuchs and Sanborn’s studies.
D、To call for women to take immediate actions to defend themselves.
答案A
解析 第一句后半部分用的是否定意义的虚拟语气．表明政府和私营老饭存在歧视妇女的现象，所以我们以为作者写作的意图是反对歧视妇女。
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