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  3. The constitutional requirements for holding congressional office in the United States are few and simple. They include age (twen

The constitutional requirements for holding congressional office in the United States are few and simple. They include age (twen

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问题     The constitutional requirements for holding congressional office in the United States are few and simple. They include age (twenty-five years of age for the House of Representatives, thirty for the Senate) ; citizenship (seven years for the house, nine years for the Senate); and residency in the state from which the office holder is elected. Thus, the constitutional gateways to congressional office-holding are fairly wide.
    Even these minimal requirements, however, sometimes arouse controversy. During the 1960s and 1970s, when people of the post-Second World War "baby boom" reached maturity and the Twenty-sixth Amendment (permitting eighteen-year-olds to vote) was ratified, unsuccessful efforts were made to lower the eligible age for senators and representatives.
    Because of Americans’ geographic mobility, residency sometimes is an issue. Voters normally prefer candidates with long-standing ties to their states or districts. In his 1978 reelection campaign, for instance, Texas Senator John Tower effectively accused his opponent, Representative Robert Krueger, of having spent most of his life "overseas or in the East" studying or teaching—a charge taken seriously in Texas. Well-known candidates sometimes succeed without such ties. New York voters elected to the Senate Robert F. Kennedy and Daniel Patrick Moynihan even though each had spent much of his life elsewhere. While members of the House of Representatives are not bound to live in the district from which they are elected, most do so prior to their election.
    In the Senate, the "one person one vote" rule does not apply. Article I of the Constitution assures each state, regardless of population, two Senate seats, and Article V guarantees that this equal representation cannot be taken away without the states’ consent. The founders stipulated that senators be designated by their respective state legislatures rather than by the voters themselves. Thus, the Senate was designed to add stability, wisdom, and forbearance to the actions of the popularly elected House. This distinction between the two houses was eroded by the Seventeenth Amendment (1913), which provided for the direct popular election of senators.
Which of the following candidates is eligible to be elected to the United States Senate from the state of New York?
选项 A、Candidate one—twenty-four years old, natural citizen, lifelong New Work resident.
B、Candidate two—twenty-nine years old, United States citizen for eleven years, New York resident for ten years.
C、Candidate three—thirty-five years old, United States citizen for twelve years, New York resident for one year.
D、Candidate four—forty years old, United States citizen for eight years, New York resident for twenty years.
答案C
解析 事实细节题。第一段第二句明确指出，美国宪法对担任国会议员的要求，即参议员年龄在30岁以上、拥有9年以上美国公民身份且居住在参选州，C项符合上述条件，故为答案。
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