A、Small changes should be made on news reports to read easily. B、Writing for speech is similar to writing for newspaper. C、Befor

(I = Interviewer; V=Victoria)
   I: Victoria, I wonder then, if you could tell me a little bit about your actual job as an announcer. We’ve learned how you build up with the news, but what do you actually do yourself, and how do you prepare for your job?
   V: Well, in the newsroom I am sitting with the reporters and the editorial staff and the news subs rather as though, erm... I am sitting in a newspaper newsroom, in fact...
   I: Sorry, what do you mean by news subs?
   V: They’re sub-editors. They are the people who write the news stories as they come in. They are then passed to the senior duty editor and the assistant editor in the newsroom, and as stories go through the chain of people they are refined and corrected and sorted out, until they come finally to my little "in-tray" and I have a chance to read through most stories before I go on the air. Of course, sometimes things happen at the last moment and I do not have a chance so I’ve just got to do my best and just take a couple of seconds to look through the first few lines before I launch into something. Because it’s such a pity if you start off...erm... on a bright tone on a story, and suddenly realize you’re talking about some people having been killed in a road crash. It’s very important to just have a quick flip through.
   I: There’s nothing sort of, to mark that this is a... a... what sort of event it is, then on your piece of paper?
   V: No. I have my own little mark. If it is something sad I put a small cross at the top which I was taught by Colin Doran, who in his turn was taught by Alvar Lydell...so it goes back a long way... That’s my little clue. So while I’m working on the news I’m just absorbing the news while I’m in the newsroom and checking pronunciations. If I don’t find a sentence constructed terribly easily for me, because, remember, writing for speech is different from writing for people to read in a newspaper... erm.. .I can ask that it be changed or little words altered round. For example, recently we’ve had a lot about a general election in England, and you notice I’ve to say that terribly carefully because I just can’t get my mouth round it. Some people can just plough on and say it quite easily, which is maddening. And once you get something like that which you know you can’t say, of course it looms very large on your horizon. So in a way you... you’ve got to beat down the feeling of panic when you see mis little expression approaching, otherwise it just gets worse and worse.
   I: Yes, what about pronouncing strange foreign names, or even Welsh names, for example?
   V: Well, we’ve got an excellent ...erm...place here called the Pronunciation Unit whose job is to provide us with pronunciation advice. Now they can get their foreign pronunciations either from the embassies or from tourist bureau, or indeed from the BBC’s external services, who are in the Strand... erm... and we have a number of language sections there with native speakers and quite frequently they know the people we’re talking about, and even if they don’t it would be like asking you and me how to say "Jones"— I mean, we would know. So we always have invaluable advice from them, and we can ring them up with 5 minutes to go, and they generally come up with the answers. And we have a huge index in the newsroom and in the Pronunciation Unit of all the names that have even been asked for in the history of broadcasting, and that’s kept up to date and as new people appear in politics in foreign countries, they replace the ones who have been replaced.
   This is the end of the FIRST interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard.
   Question One What does Victoria do?
   Question Two What do "news subs" do?
   Question Three How does Victoria deal with sad news?
   Question Four What does Victoria disagree with?
   Question Five What does Victoria usually do when pronouncing strange foreign names?