首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
That mythical beast, homo economicus, otherwise called Economic man, is utterly clear about the purpose of work: to get paid. He
That mythical beast, homo economicus, otherwise called Economic man, is utterly clear about the purpose of work: to get paid. He
admin
2015-07-13
76
问题
That mythical beast, homo economicus, otherwise called Economic man, is utterly clear about the purpose of work: to get paid. He is keener on leisure than on work, and if money can be got without effort, he downs tools. If real people feel the same, then bountiful out-of-work benefits should be found in the same places as work-shy citizens.
Yet a cross-country comparison of benefits and attitudes to work published on January 28th finds precisely the opposite pattern. Researchers ranked 13 countries according to their generosity (measured by comparing typical benefits to those out of work with the average wage of a production worker) and their citizens’ commitment to work (gauged by asking whether they would work if they did not need the cash, and whether they regarded a job as merely a way to earn a living). They found that the more generous a state is the keener on work its people are. Britons, whose benefits were the stingiest (most ungenerous) after those that Americans get, were least keen of all on work.
One reason may be the skills make-up of the British workforce. The researchers found, logically enough, that professionals and graduates were more positive about work than the unskilled and non-graduates. Fewer Britons than Norwegians (who came top on work commitment) have professional jobs or degrees. But this does not entirely explain their comparative immunity to the attractions of toil: Britons of every social class and level of education were less keen on work than their counterparts elsewhere.
Could the "dependency culture" currently exercising British politicians be solved by raising benefits? Unlikely, says Alison Park, editor of the annual British Social Attitudes Report, in which the study appeared: attitudes to work vary from country to country for many reasons. The report states that the lavishness of what the report terms "encompassing" states, all Nordic with Lutheran traditions, may have been made possible by a strong work ethic, rather than a stronger commitment to work having emerged as a result of it.
And work incentives are affected by features of welfare systems other than overall generosity: "corporatist" states such as Germany, which pay higher benefits to those with a longer work history, may be encouraging positive attitudes to work by such conditionality. Britain’s poor benefits, by contrast, are largely independent of previous employment, which may mean they are seen as an alternative to work, rather than as one of the good things that flow from it.
By saying "their comparative immunity to the attractions of toil" (Para. 3), the author means
选项
A、Britons are healthy enough not to feel ill
B、Britons have good immune system
C、Britons are not keen on work
D、Britons are afraid of hard work
答案
C
解析
语义理解题。答案在第三段第五行。该句中冒号后面的内容是对前半句的解释,即“每个社会阶层,每个教育层次的英国人对工作都更缺乏热情”,因此C项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EM74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Asksomeonetonameafamouspsychologist,andchancesaretheywillpickSigmundFreud,thebeardedAustrianacademicwhocame
Comparedwithothermodesoftransport,traintechnologymightseemtobeprogressingasslowlyasasuburbancommuterservicer
FortyyearsagoWalterMischel,anAmericanpsychologist,conductedafamousexperiment.Heleftaseriesoffour-year-oldsalon
Researchersarefindingthatboysandgirlsreallyarefromtwodifferentplanets.Boysandgirlshavedifferent"crisispoints"
Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandt
TheAmericaneconomyisgrowing,accordingtothemostrecentstatistics,atthehighrateof7%,andisinthemiddleofthel
Inthepast,Americancollegesanduniversitieswerecreatedtoserveadualpurposetoadvancelearningandtoofferachancet
Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnStern【C1】______Washin
Weoftentendtoassociatesmilingastheresultofapositiveeventormood.Butresearchdemonstratesthattheactofsmiling,
随机试题
在医院,每个医生只属于某一个诊疗科,医生同一天可为多位患者看病,而一名患者可在多个科室治疗。则实体医生和患者之间的联系是
对领导者抉择的基本要求包括
外邪侵袭,损伤脉络而引起出血,最为多见的邪气是
氧苷按苷元不同可分为
甲、乙、丙均系个体经营者,甲因从乙处进货而拖欠其,20万元货款,乙又因借贷而拖欠丙20万元,现离借款到期日还有4个月,乙在征得甲、丙同意后,决定以汇票结清他们之间的债权债务关系,乙作出票人,甲做付款人,丙做收款人,票据金额20万元,出票日后4个月付款,甲与
己公司是一家上市公司,该公司2014年末资产总计为10000万元,其中负债合计为2000万元。该公司适用的所得税税率为25%。相关资料如下:资料一:预计已公司净利润持续增长,股利也随之相应增长。相关资料如下表所示:资料二:己公司认为2014年的资本结
根据行政职权的产生方式,行政主体可以划分为()。
我们是跟老师一起去了颐和园的。
某些资产阶级思想家认为,阶级的出现是由于人们在社会生产组织中分为“组织者”和“执行者”的结果,这种“分工论”的错误在于()
Accordingtothewriter,whatthesocietyexpectsofeducationistoturnoutpeoplewho______.IfyouareasgiftedasBernar
最新回复
(
0
)