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  3. (46)Technology has made it easy to cross national frontiers physically, but there has been no invention of new mental habits to

(46)Technology has made it easy to cross national frontiers physically, but there has been no invention of new mental habits to

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问题     (46)Technology has made it easy to cross national frontiers physically, but there has been no invention of new mental habits to enable people to cope with foreigners in a new way. For that to happen, the habits of tourists will have to alter. The hidden god of travel is still Karl Baedeker, even though he died in 1859. His guidebooks have a permanent pattern, making travel essentially a matter of sightseeing, looking at places rather than at people. (47)His achievement was to find sights that could be guaranteed to be there all the time, to be clearly identifiable, dated and classified according to the amount of admiration they deserved. He made visits to old monuments and to art museums—the staple diet of the traveler, drawing attention away from the living inhabitants. To this day, tourism is a course in history, architecture, aesthetics, and the appreciation of hotels and food. (48)The cult of "sights" has grown so much that most foreign (organized) travel involves virtually no contact with the natives, beyond those who specialize in catering for tourists. The business traveler tends to meet mainly people in his own profession. How different from the itinerary of a modern package holiday is this program, drawn up by an Englishman, Sir Francis Head, in 1852, before the guide books told tourists what to do. In Paris, he visited the municipal pawnshop, the asylum for blind youths, where Braille, still unknown in England, was being used, a prison, an orphanage for abandoned children, the Salpetriere old people’s home, the morgue, the national printing works, the military academy, the national assembly, the public laundry, and finally he attended/he lectures at the Conservatory for Arts and Crafts. The rise of bureaucratic officialdom soon stopped that kind of curiosity; but perhaps today a new openness will allow it to express itself again. In former times, the attraction of foreign travel was often that people did abroad what they dared not do at home, which is shy foreign countries won reputations for sexual debauchery. (The French considered England as debauched as the English visitors to the Folies Bergeres imagined the French to be.) (49)But now that a visit to France is no longer a dangerous adventure, and that an international uniformity exists in so many of the goods and facilities the tourist encounters, where is the excitement, and where are the new discoveries?
    It is to be found in the people. (50)The foreignness in foreign travel today must come mainly from meeting individuals whom one would not normally meet at home.

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答案他的成就在于发现那些能够确保一直存在的景观，这些景观被注明年代，清晰可辨，并根据其知名度加以分类。
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