首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to hav
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to hav
admin
2022-05-13
47
问题
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the laws of nature or by those of society. The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated. In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist, in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refused any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think; our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it in the present capitalist system is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ______.
选项
A、the slow development of the economy
B、the poor and jobless people’s own faults
C、the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D、the large number of people who were not well-educated
答案
B
解析
细节题。文章第一段指出:The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility...过去人们认为穷人的状况只能归咎于他们自己的无知和缺乏责任感,也就是说这都是他们自己的过错。因此B符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Elsa777K
本试题收录于:
MBA联考(英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
MBA联考(英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
Large,multinationalcorporationsmaybethecompanieswhoseupsanddownsseizeheadlines.(31)Buttoafargreaterextenttha
Large,multinationalcorporationsmaybethecompanieswhoseupsanddownsseizeheadlines.(31)Buttoafargreaterextenttha
OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsite,inwhichathletes(21)______differentnationscompeteagainste
OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsite,inwhichathletes(21)______differentnationscompeteagainste
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Largelectureclassesarefrequentlyregardedasanecessaryevil.Suchclasses(21)beofferedinmanycollegesanduniversitie
Largelectureclassesarefrequentlyregardedasanecessaryevil.Suchclasses(21)beofferedinmanycollegesanduniversitie
Largelectureclassesarefrequentlyregardedasanecessaryevil.Suchclasses(21)beofferedinmanycollegesanduniversitie
Successinimprovingstudents’thinkingskillswillrequirelong-termcommitmentandacontinuingemphasisonthoseproventeach
随机试题
A.腹股沟管浅B.腹股沟管深环C.腹股沟外侧窝D.腹股沟管内侧窝E.股环脐外侧襞之内侧为
最初为法、德等国所采用的公司设立原则是_______。
ADI的安全系数一般定为动物最大无用剂量的
铁路桥梁墩台应该按照()的施工顺序施工。
某企业月初结存材料的计划成本为100000元,成本差异为节约1000元;本月入库材料的汁划成本为100000元,成本差异为超支400元。当月生产车间领用材料的计划成本为150000元。假定该企业按月末计算的材料成本差异率分配和结转材料成本差异,则当月生产车
在中国居住满1年(含)以上的外国人也可以申请个人汽车贷款。()
元认知指个体对自己的认知过程和结果的意识。它包括两个基本成分:________和元认知控制。
甲被生前工作单位申报为革命烈士,某报对甲的事迹进行了宣传。乙四处散布言论贬损甲。对乙的行为,谁可以向法院提起精神损害赔偿诉讼?
一、注意事项1.本题本由给定资料与作答要求两部分组成。考试时间为150分钟。其中,阅读给定资料参考时限为40分钟,作答参考时限为110分钟。满分100分。2.请在题本、答题卡指定位置上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的姓名和准考证号。并
下面是复数类complex的定义,其中作为友元函数重载的运算符“--”的功能是将参数对象的实部减1,然后返回对该对象的引用;请补充完整。classcomplex{private:intreal;intimag;
最新回复
(
0
)