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  3. Throughout history people have been put to death for various forms of wrongdoing. The death penalty is the most controversial pe

Throughout history people have been put to death for various forms of wrongdoing. The death penalty is the most controversial pe

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问题     Throughout history people have been put to death for various forms of wrongdoing. The death penalty is the most controversial penal practice in the modem world. Other harsh, physical forms of criminal punishment—referred to as corporal punishment (体罚) —have generally been eliminated in modem times. In the majority of countries, contemporary methods of punishment—such as imprisonment or fines—have abandoned infliction (施加) of physical pain. Although imprisonment and fines are universally recognized as necessary to the control of crime, the nations of the world are split on the issue of capital punishment. About 90 nations have abolished the death penalty and an almost equal number of nations retain it.
    The trend in most industrialized nations has been to first stop executing prisoners and then to substitute long terms of imprisonment for death as the most severe of all criminal penalties. The United States is an important exception. The federal government and a majority of U.S. states provide for the death penalty, and on average 75 executions occur each year throughout the United States.
    Since ancient times most governments have punished crimes by death as a routine part of the administration of criminal law. However, in the nfid-18th century, social critics began to criticize government practices they considered unjust, including capital punishment. The debate over whether governments should utilize the death penalty continues today.
    Critics of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and insulting; while supporters assert that it is a uniquely effective punishment that prevents crime. However, advocates and opponents of the death penalty dispute the proper interpretation of statistical analyses of its preventing effect. Opponents of capital punishment see the death penalty as a human fights issue involving the limits of governmental power. In contrast, the advocates tend to regard capital punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. Because of these alternative viewpoints, there will be further debate not only about what is the right answer on capital punishment, but about what type of question is being asked when the death penalty becomes a public issue.
What do you know from the second paragraph?
选项 A、Industrialized countries have formed the tendency of abolishing death penalty.
B、Imprisonment is the most serious punishment in industrialized countries.
C、Different from other industrialized countries, America doesn’t adopt imprisonment.
D、75 criminals are executed in the United States every year.
答案A
解析 第二段提到“大多数工业国家形成了这样一种趋势，即首先停止处死犯人，然后用长期的监禁代替死刑作为最严厉的刑罚。而美国却是个例外。美国联邦政府和大多数州都使用死刑，全美国平均每年处死75名犯人。”可见，选项A“工业国家已经形成了废除死刑的趋势”是符合文章内容的。选项D和D都有很大的迷惑性。选项B说监禁是工业国家最严厉的惩罚，而我们知道美国是个例外。选项D说在美国每年都有75人被处以死刑，而其实这只是一个平均数而并非年年如此，所以这个表达很不严密。
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