首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
New Graduation Math = Success for Community Colleges The concept of community colleges in the United States developed in the
New Graduation Math = Success for Community Colleges The concept of community colleges in the United States developed in the
admin
2012-06-20
75
问题
New Graduation Math = Success for Community Colleges
The concept of community colleges in the United States developed in the early 20th century. Primarily, these schools are publicly-funded facilities offering higher education to anyone who is interested, especially those in the local community. Among the advantages of attending a community college is no time restrictions on a student’s educational progress, as there might be at a traditional university.
Some of the most popular fields of study at the community college level include nursing, law enforcement, and technological fields. A community college traditionally offers certificates, credentials (证书) and / or Associate’s degrees in several courses of study.
Criticized for the unbelievably low number of their students who earn degrees, the nation’s community colleges may be about to more than double their graduation rates—not by turning out a single additional graduate but by changing the way the rates are calculated.
The move comes more than two years after President Obama called for community colleges to produce an additional 5 million degree-holders by 2020.
The paperwork change, recommended by an advisory committee to the U. S. Department of Education , would revise the formula for determining community college graduation rates to include the large number of students who transfer to other schools after having completed at least 30 credits at a community college.
That alone would raise completion rates to 40 percent, according to the American Association of Community Colleges, up from the 18 percent of community college students who now receive a two-year associate degree within three years, according to the National Center for Education Statistics.
The new completion rate would also count students who take up to four years, rather than the current three, to finish their two-year degrees. It is not clear how much higher that would raise the completion figures.
Officials are working out the technical details and plan to make a formal announcement about the proposal this month.
Critics say community colleges should be spending their time helping students graduate, not altering the rules by which their performance is measured.
" It doesn’t change the fact that a significant number of students do come to community colleges to earn a degree but don’t," said Stan Jones, a former Indiana commissioner of higher education and president of Complete College America, which is pushing to increase the number of Americans with such credentials.
" I would rather see people focusing on improving the graduation rates than trying to defend or reconstruct them," Jones said.
Changing the graduation rate calculations won’t make any difference at all in the proportion of Americans ages 25 to 34 who have degrees, which is also a priority of the Lumina Foundation for Education, said its president, Jamie Merisotis. The United States ranks 16th in the world by this measure, according to data from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
" It’s going to be very important to be clear that this is not suggesting that more students are literally completing college and attaining a credential," Merisotis said. (The Lumina Foundation is among the funders of The Hechinger Report, which produced this story.)
But Merisotis said he’s sympathetic to community colleges’ argument that the non-traditional backgrounds of their students—85 percent of whom work full time, almost a third of whom are balancing their educations with family obligations, and some of whom plan to transfer to other two- or four-year institutions—make the current formula for calculating graduation rates unfair.
Counting only the number of students who graduate within two years " creates a problem in terms of our ability to understand who is actually being successful" by, for example, transferring to a four-year college or university and getting a bachelor’s degree, Merisotis said.
Wayne Burton, president of North Shore Community College in Massachusetts and a member of the advisory committee, said that very low graduation rates have made community colleges " into a punch line, and that just makes me angry. It’s usually used as a metaphor (比喻) for somebody that’s not very smart. You can’t understand how deeply hurtful this statistic has been to our schools. "
Considering how many community college students, compared with students in other kinds of higher-education institutions, are nonwhite—36 percent overall, and higher on some campuses—using the low graduation rate " is almost racist," Burton said.
He acknowledged that the Obama administration’s focus on community colleges has intensified this scrutiny (评审).
"The hardest thing we’ve had to do is to describe a community college to a country that’s never cared before, as institutions with incredibly diverse student bodies and diverse missions for students with diverse goals that are not reflected in the current calculations," Burton said.
The new formula, he said, "will just acknowledge that students succeed here in different ways. "
Counting students as having successfully completed a community college if they accumulate 30 or more credits before transferring would be tracked through the National Student Clearinghouse, a little-known non-profit organization that monitors the registration status of every student in America as well as how much money he or she borrows toward educational costs.
"If you consider transfer to be a successful outcome—and many community-college people say their job is to get the student into the four-year college—then the graduation rate has to rise," said Thomas Bailey, director of the Community College Research Center at Teachers College, Columbia University, and the advisory committee’s chairman.
Many students who start at community colleges, Bailey said, discover that they’re comfortable doing college-level work and transfer to four-year schools without staying long enough to earn associate degrees.
" Let’s look at it this way," Bailey said. " The graduation rate as it stands now is easy to dismiss— meaningless. So whatever it is, as far as that’s concerned, you don’t have a graduation rate. "
Changing the math, he said, doesn’t let community colleges off the hook for completion rates that will still be lower than 50 percent.
" I don’t want to say, ’ Oh my God, community colleges have improved—they’ve gone from 20 percent to 40 percent in the last year,’" said Bailey. "That’s ridiculous. "
Even if the overall community-college graduation rate hits 40 percent, he said, that still means three out of every five students are failing to graduate.
"Will we say that’s a good number," Bailey asked, "and we can all go home now?"
Thomas Bailey believes that the graduation rate should be raised if transfer to the four-year college is considered______.
选项
答案
a successful outcome
解析
定位句和题干中都出现了consider一词,题干中的if transfer to the four-year college is considered和定位句中的If you consider transfer相对应,故可以填入to be a successful outcome,这里的to be可以省略,故答案为a successful outcome。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Nwf7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Successfulscientistshaveoftenbeenpeoplewithwideinterests.Theiroriginalitymayhavederivedfromtheirdiverseknowledg
IntheUnitedStatesthescienceofclimatechangestillremainsacontroversialissue.Partoftheproblemsisthatitiscompl
Thelongyearsoffoodshortageinthiscountryhavesuddenlygivenwaytoapparentabundance.Storesandshopsarechokedwith
LaborForceThelaborforceisthepartofanation’spopulationthatworksforpayorthatislookingforapayingjob.In
LaborForceThelaborforceisthepartofanation’spopulationthatworksforpayorthatislookingforapayingjob.In
Nowadaysgroupsofscientificworkers,oftensupposedbytheirgovernments,spendtheirtimestudyingtheoccurrenceofearthqu
A、Someonefixedit.B、Helensoldit.C、Helenrepairedit.D、It’sbeenthrownout.Atheman询问是否需要他帮忙修车,thewoman回答她已请人把车修好了。故选A。
A、Repairtheotherdoor.B、Visitsomeruins.C、Haveanoutdoorparty.D、CatchtheSaturdaytrain.C男士担心下雨会影响他们开晚会,女士安慰他说,要是下雨了,就
A、BecauseitisthelargestairportinAmerica.B、Becauseithasagoodsortingsystem.C、Becauseithasafavorablelocation.D
随机试题
俗称“蛤蟆肿”是指A.黏液腺囊肿B.舌下腺囊肿C.皮样囊肿D.表皮样囊肿E.甲状舌管囊肿
甲委托其在外地的好友乙代购药材,并汇去2万元钱。因一时无货,乙便以甲的名义将钱暂存银行。乙的好友丙因生产经营急需用钱,去找乙,乙便拿出甲的存折给丙,由丙的好友丁担保。乙未将上述情况告知甲。后丙因生产经营不善无力还款而引起纠纷。甲诉至法院。本案中哪些法律关系
下列不属于出卖人义务的选项有()。
从广义上讲,下列人员中属于银行业从业人员范畴的还有()。
________指人们对自己是否能够成功地进行某一成就行为的主观推测和判断。
甲状腺大部切除后,引起窒息的原因包括()。
该图反映的是刑事案件进入刑事司法流程的数量变化情况。在各刑事司法机关均努力履行各自职责的情况下,若刑事案件仍呈此变化趋势,下列贯彻综合治理应侧重的方面有:
有一种细菌和一种病毒,每个细菌在每一秒末能杀死一个病毒的同时将自身分裂为两个。现在有一个这样的细菌和100个这样的病毒,问细菌将病毒全部杀死至少需要()秒。
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)(1)_____ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakerso
Theunauthorized(未经授权的)copyingofcomputerprogramsbyAmericanbusinessesalonedeprivedsoftwarepublishersof$1.6billion
最新回复
(
0
)