首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】.
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】.
admin
2013-06-12
35
问题
Research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. We usually remember just the last dream that we had before【1】. When we are dreaming, our【2】are moving. If a person is prevented from dreaming but allowed to sleep, he or she becomes very up set. So we need to dream.
Why do we dream? one explanation is that when the mind doesn’t have to think about every day matters it is free to think about the deeper concerns. It doesn’t have to be【3】and sensible. We have to represent out anxieties, fears and hopes through【4】.
Freud believed that the conscious mind tries to control and cover up the enormous feeling, and that the unconscious feelings that we try to cover up are largely【5】. The unconscious mind had to【6】its feeling to express its wishes.
Jung was interested in world of religions and in【7】and spiritual ideas. He believed that our personalities are divided into three parts, the conscious, the unconscious, and the "【8】unconscious", and that everyone has another, inside person in himself or herself, cared "anima". Women’s animus is【9】forceful and decisive.
Language of dreams. Usually the only person who can really find the meaning behind a dream is the person who had the dream. But there are several common symbols we share with others. When you dreamed of flying, perhaps you have an【10】complex, or you are trying to escape from your problems.
【4】
Good afternoon, everyone. Today we’ll talk about some facts of dreaming. Some people thought that they never dreamed or hardly ever dreamed. Only a third of the men and nearly half of the women thought that they dreamed several times a night. In fact, research shows that everyone dreams quite frequently every night. Moreover, we all dream many times every night but we don’t usually remember our dreams. If we do remember our dreams, they are usually the last ones that we had before waking up. Other people know when we are dreaming because they can see our eyelids moving. If they wake us up at that moment we will remember our dream. Research by Dr Keitman at the University of Chicago has shown this. He has also tried waking people up when their eyelids aren’t moving, and they have told him that they weren’t dreaming. If a person is prevented from dreaming but allowed to sleep, he or she becomes very upset. So the dream is important to us, and we need to dream.
Then why do we dream? One popular theory is that we spend most of our day thinking about practical matters, shopping, getting to work, seeing our friends, etc. We spend very little of our time thinking about our deep anxieties, fears, and hopes, although these are very important. When the mind doesn’t have to think about everyday matters it is free to think about these deeper concerns, and it doesn’t have to be logical and sensible because it doesn’t have to communicate to other people. For example, time is unimportant in dreams. If something happened to you ten years ago and something else yesterday then it doesn’t matter if they are combined. Also if you haven’t experienced something but would like to, then it can be real in your dream. Very often your deeper minds don’t seem to have words in them and we have to represent our anxieties, fears and hopes through pictures.
Two important psychologists are often referred to when people talk about dreams. One is Freud who believed that the deep, unconscious mind has a powerful influence over the conscious mind. He held the belief that the conscious mind tries to control and cover up the enormous feeling which have such power, and he thought that the unconscious feelings which we struggle to cover up are largely sexual. Freud said that the conscious mind would not allow the unconscious mind to express its wishes in a clear kind of way, so the unconscious mind had to symbolize its feelings. He thought that all long pointed objects represent the male: sticks, umbrellas, trees, knives, etc., and that all hollow objects represent the female: boxes, cupboards, ovens, ships, rooms, etc.
The other famous psychologist is Jung. He was a friend of Freud and worked with him. However, he developed his own ideas about people. Jung was interested in world of religions and in mystical and spiritual ideas. He believed that our personalities are divided into three parts: the conscious, the unconscious and the "collective unconscious". He thought that we all share the same "collective unconscious" and he studied religions and beliefs all over the world to prove it. He found that there are heroes and magicians and fairies and dragons in stories everywhere, and he believed that these heroes, etc. represent our wish to be brave and good, our need for help against difficult problems and our fear of the unknown and the frightening within ourselves. He had another theory which is useful when people want to interpret a dream. He believed that every man has within him the characteristics of a woman, imagination, poetry, gentleness. He called this other, inside person the "anima" of a man. And he said that in every woman there is an "animus" which is aggressive, forceful and decisive. If a woman dreamed of a man, Freud would say that she was wishing for a lover, but Jung might say that she was dreaming of the animus part of herself, or she was dreaming of an original model of a hero or evil person, etc.
As to the language of dreams, it is very difficult to find a clear meaning behind a dream, and usually the only person who can really find the meaning is the person who had the dream. It is true that we all share many of the same anxieties, fears and hopes and it is also true that we use some of the same symbols for expressing these feelings. But the particular balance of feelings is individual to us, and we also use symbols for these feelings which are only meaningful to us. These personal symbols obviously can’t be looked up in a book! Now I will mention several common symbols we share with others. When you dreamed of flying, perhaps you have an inferiority complex, which means that you feel inferior to other people. Another explanation for flying is that we are trying to escape from our problems. The expression "Don’t miss the boat" means don’t miss an opportunity for success. Perhaps missing the boat is your fear of failure and getting behind anyone else. If you are chased in a dream, it may represent that there is something you want to avoid, or you think you have done something wrong.
OK, that’s the general knowledge about dreaming. I hope you’ve found it interesting, and if you want to know more, please read Chapter 6 of your textbook.
选项
答案
pictures
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/F34O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
The"LakePoets"livedintheLakeDistrictinthenorthwesternpartofEngland.______doesNOTbelongtothe"Lakers".
ThedistinctivefeaturesofaspeechvarietymaybeallthefollowingEXCEPT______.
Thefollowingwordsaretheexamplesfor"back-formation"EXCEPT______.
______isthefounderofthedomesticnovelsinEnglishliterature.
AllstatesofAmericaaregovernedbythecommonlawexcept______.
WhenTonyBlairwaselectedtoBritain’sHouseofCommonsin1983,hewasjust30,theLabourParty’syoungestM.RLabourhadju
______wasregardedasthedeclarationofRomanticisminBritain.
Thisramblingpropensitystrengthenedwithyears.Booksofvoyagesandtravelsbecamemypassion,andindevouringtheircontent
现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是,面对重重矛盾,许多时候你却别无选择。匆忙与体闲是截然不同的两种生活方式。但在现实生活中,人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁梭,有时也说不清自己到底是“体闲着”还是“匆忙着”。譬如说
Humanvisionlikethatofotherprimateshasevolvedinanarborealenvironment.Inthedensecomplexworldofatropicalforest
随机试题
下列因素中,对低温麻醉效果影响最大的是
A.氢质子密度B.横向弛豫C.纵向弛豫D.合磁矢量E.静磁矢量PDWI主要反映组织的____________差别
A.肺炎链球菌B.葡萄球菌C.铜绿假单胞菌D.克雷伯杆菌E.肺炎支原体不引起肺组织坏死和空洞形成的肺炎致病菌是
根据我国《预算法》的规定,属于国务院财政部门预算职权的有()。
在查询单位或个人存款时,金融机构应如实提供存款资料以协助有权机关查询,必要时,有权机关可以带走原件。()
商业银行信贷业务人员只需对那些银行主动营销的客户安排面谈,进行前期调查。()
货币结算一般又分为()。
关于资本主义法在各国的产生和发展及内容特点,下列说法错误的是
1946年1月10日,政治协商会议在重庆开幕,出席会议的有国民党、共产党、民主同盟、青年党和无党派人士的代表38人。政协会议达成了五项协议。对于这些协议的正确认识有()
Therectangularsolidaboveismadeupofeightcubesofthesamesize,eachofwhichhasexactlyonefacepaintedblue.Whatis
最新回复
(
0
)