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  3. What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to reca

What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to reca

admin2015-03-20  29
问题     What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to recall and make sense of memories from daily life—the first day of preschool, the time the cat died—can use them to better develop a sense of identity, form relationships and make sound choices in adolescence and adulthood, new research shows.
    While the lives of many youngsters today are heavily documented in photos and video on social media and stored in families’ digital archives, studies suggest photos and videos have little impact. Parents play a bigger role in helping determine not just how many early memories children can recall, but how children interpret and learn from the events of their earliest experiences.
    "Our personal memories define who we are. They bond us together," says Robyn Fivush, a psychology professor at Emory University in Atlanta and an author of dozens of studies on the topic. Children whose parents encourage recalling and storytelling about daily events show better coping and problem-solving skills by their preteens, and fewer symptoms of depression, research shows.
    Some memories help build a sense of self-continuity, or personal identity, says a 2011 study. People recall these memories when they "want to feel that I am the same person that I was before", or "when I want to understand how I have changed from who I was before". A hurricane survivor, for example, might recall the memory as proof that she can survive tough experiences and grow stronger as a result.
    Other memories serve a directive function, and guide behavior. People recall these when making decisions or to avoid repeating past mistakes. A person whose dog was killed by a car is likely to call on that memory when deciding to keep pets on a leash.
    A third type, social-bonding memories, involve relationships with others. People recall these when they want to strengthen relationships or form new ties, the study says. A college student who participated in a different study cited bedtime-reading sessions with his father, who read him the entire Lord of the Rings trilogy, as a motivator to build and maintain strong family ties in his adult life.
    The ability to draw on all three types of memories predicts higher psychological well-being, a greater sense of purpose and more positive relationships, according to a study of 103 college students published last year in the journal Memory.
Which of the following examples belongs to self-continuity or personal identity?
选项 A、Past hard life makes people much stronger.
B、Memories about accidents make people sad or cry.
C、People are willing to recall good memories rather than bad ones.
D、People may feel happy when sweet memories hop into their mind.
答案A
解析 根据题干关键词定位到第四段。由A hurricane survivor,for example，might recallthe memory as proof that she can survive tough experiences and grow stronger as a result可知．所举例子应该是关于个人经历磨难后变得更坚强的描述，A项“过去的艰难生活使得人们更坚强”符合题意，为正确答案。B项与此相反，不符合题目要求。C项所谈内容在文中并没有提及，且不符合对self-continuity or personal identity的描述。D项所谈例子是美好回忆使人们更快乐，也不符合题意。
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