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Why does the student go to see the professor? What is the topic of the student’s survey?
Why does the student go to see the professor? What is the topic of the student’s survey?
admin
2022-09-29
21
问题
Why does the student go to see the professor?
What is the topic of the student’s survey?
Listen to a conversation between a student and a professor. (P = Professor, S = Student)
P: OK, Karl. How could I help you?
S: It’s about my term paper of the urban planning class. Instead of doing library research, I was thinking of doing a survey of my own and using the data in the report.
P: That’s a nice idea. I think doing this kind of hands-on project is great experience, especially if you decided to go to graduate school.
S: But I have been having a lot of problems designing a survey.
P: Ah, it’s not as easy as it looks, is it?
S: No. Now I am not even sure if I can stick with my plan or switch back to a more traditional paper.
P: Well, you might as will get some experience sooner rather than later What’s the topic again?
S: Nothing really complex. I just wanted to survey local people about the proposal for widening route 62 from a two-lane road to four-lane highway.
P: OK.
S: So how do I go about selecting the people I want to survey? A lot of what I read has stressed having a representative sample. But I’m not sure how to do it.
P: Well, yes. A representative sample is crucial. You want the people you survey to be as close to an accurate reflection of the larger population you’re interested in as possible. Imagine that the town is a cake with raisins in it and imagine that for some reason, most of the raisins end up on one side of the cake. If you cut a piece from the other side, would that be truly representative? Would that be an accurate reflection of the cake?
S: No. You’ll be missing the raisins.
P: Exactly! So for your project, what if you only survey people who live in houses along route 62, you think that would be useful?
S: Well, no. Because everyone there would probably be opposed to the widening.
P: Yes. And that’s why a representative sample is important. You don’t want a sample that’s biased, too strongly one way or the other. So, how do you do that?
S: Well, I could make sure my survey reaches people in all parts of the town.
P: Good. So how can you do that?
S: Well, I would go and make phone calls, just choose numbers at random from the local phone director instead of passing on questionnaires, because people often don’t mail them back. But I don’t see how I could get a representative sample using the phone.
P: Well. Make sure you’re getting a nice balance of numbers. Phone company can tell you what numbers have been assigned to different parts of town. For example, for numbers in my neighborhood, that was a 256 and I live on the edge of town, where I guess you’d find a lot of pro-highway people. So make sure you don’t call mostly 256 numbers.
选项
A、A proposal to build a new highway on the edge of town
B、Plans to change the house numbers along Route 62
C、Plans to build more houses next to Route 62
D、A proposal to make Route 62 wider
答案
D
解析
题目询问学生的研究话题。学生跟教授说自己的话题是“调查一下当地人对‘将62号公路由双车道拓宽成四车道’这个提议的看法”(…about the proposal for widening route 62…),对应D项、A项“在城镇边缘修建一条新高速公路的建议”是利用教授在对话最后提到的如何选取代表性样本的例子所设置的干扰项,与学生的调查无关。B项“计划修改62号公路沿线的房牌号码”和C项“计划在62号公路边修建更多的房屋”都没有依据。
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