首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In current historiography, the picture of a consistent, unequivocal decline in women’s status with the advent of capitalism and
In current historiography, the picture of a consistent, unequivocal decline in women’s status with the advent of capitalism and
admin
2019-11-17
30
问题
In current historiography, the picture of a consistent, unequivocal decline in women’s status with the advent of capitalism and industrialization is giving way to an analysis that not only emphasizes both change (whether improvement or decline) and continuity but also accounts for geographical and occupational variation. The history of women’s work in English farmhouse cheese making between 1800 and 1930 is a case in point. In her influential Women Workers and the Industrial Revolution (1930), Pinchbeck argued that the agricultural revolution of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, with its attendant specialization and enlarged scale of operation, curtailed women’s participation in the business of cheese production. Earlier, she maintained, women had concerned themselves with feeding cows, rearing calves, and even selling the cheese in local markets and fairs. Pinchbeck thought that the advent of specialization meant that women’s work in cheese dairying was reduced simply to processing the milk. "Dairymen" (a new social category) raised and fed cows and sold the cheese through factors, who were also men. With this narrowing of the scope of work, Pinchbeck believed, women lost business ability, independence, and initiative.
Though Pinchbeck portrayed precapitalist, preindustrial conditions as superior to what followed, recent scholarship has seriously questioned the notion of a golden age for women in precapitalist society. For example, scholars note that women’s control seldom extended to the disposal of the proceeds of their work. In the case of cheese, the rise of factors may have compromised women’s ability to market cheese at fairs. But merely selling the cheese did not necessarily imply access to the money: Davidoff cites the case of an Essex man who appropriated all but a fraction of the money from his wife’s cheese sales.
By focusing on somewhat peripheral operations, moreover, Pinchbeck missed a substantial element of continuity in women’s participation: throughout the period women did the central work of actually making cheese. Their persistence in English cheese dairying contrasts with women’s early disappearance from arable agriculture in southeast England and from American cheese dairying. Comparing these three divergent developments yields some reasons for the differences among them. English cheese-making women worked in a setting in which cultural values, agricultural conditions, and the nature of their work combined to support their continued participation. In the other cases, one or more of these elements was lacking.
Regarding English local markets and fairs, which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
选项
A、Both before and after the agricultural revolution, the sellers of agricultural products at these venues were men.
B、Knowing who the active sellers were at these venues may not give a reliable indication of who controlled the revenue from the sales.
C、There were no parallel institutions at which American cheese makers could sell their own products.
D、Prior to the agricultural revolution, the sellers of agricultural products at these venues were generally the producers themselves.
E、Prior to the agricultural revolution, women sold not only cheese but also products of arable agriculture at these venues.
答案
B
解析
Inference
The passage discusses English local markets and fairs in the first and second paragraphs: the first paragraph states that before the agricultural revolution, women had sold cheese in such venues but that after that, factors, who were men, sold the cheese. The second paragraph argues that even though English women in precapitalist, preindustrial times may have at one point sold cheese at fairs, evidence indicates that in at least one case, a man appropriated most of the money his wife made from her sales.
A The first paragraph states that: prior to the agricultural revolution, women sold cheese at local markets and fairs.
B Correct. As the second paragraph indicates, women may have sold the cheese, but there is evidence to suggest that they did not necessarily control the revenue from its sale.
C The passage does not provide evidence regarding any institutions at which American cheese makers sold their products.
D While the passage indicates that the producers of English farmhouse cheese may have been the ones who sold that cheese at local markets and fairs, there is no evidence to suggest that this was necessarily the case for other agricultural products.
E The passage provides no information regarding whether women sold products of arable agriculture in any venue.
The correct answer is B.
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FGkO777K
本试题收录于:
GMAT VERBAL题库GMAT分类
0
GMAT VERBAL
GMAT
相关试题推荐
The_________goalofthebookistohelpbridgethegapbetweenresearchandteaching,particularlythegapbetweenresearchers
Treesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways:theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts;theygivehimshade;andtheyhe
Scientistssaidtheyhavefoundevidenceofagiantplanetfaroutinoursolarsystem.Inastatement,theCaliforniaInstitute
SpeakerA:So,what’sthestatusofouradvertisingcampaign?SpeakerB:AsImentionedbefore,it’llbeanationalcampaignsta
Theyarenotsowilling______thispicturehunginthehouse.
Indianenergyofficialshavebeenseekingwaystouseless-importedoiltoprovideenergy.
1mustdeclineitbecausetheconditionsyouofferedarenot______.
Ifyouwerethegeneralmanagerofthecompany,whatwouldyoudo______thecurrentsituation?
Thefactoryhadto______anumberofemployeesbecauseoftheeconomicdeclineinthecountry.
SpeakerA:So,what’sthestatusofouradvertisingcampaign?SpeakerB:AsImentionedbefore,it’llbeanationalcampaign
随机试题
有一单杆活塞式液压缸,活塞直径为D=8cm,活塞杆直径为d=4cm,若要求活塞往复运动速度均为0.5m/s,问进入液压缸两腔的流量各为多少?(无杆腔流量为Q1,有杆腔流量为Q2)
引起新生儿败血症的病原菌种类随不同的地区和年代而异,我国一直最常见的是
护理急性白血病病人最重要的是预防
某房间的冷负荷为26.5kW,室内的湿负荷为0.002kg/s,室内设计温度tn=25℃,相对湿度=60%,大气压力为101325Pa,室外空气的焓值为92.56kJ/h,干球温度为35℃,采用一次回风系统,送风温差为6℃,新风比为30%,则处理空气所需的
验算路基和挡土墙的抗震强度和稳定性时,考虑下列()。
根据《关于水利工程建设项目代建制管理的指导意见》(水建管[2015]91号),拟实施代建制的项目应在()中提出实行代建制管理的方案。
请根据《普通高中音乐课程标准(2017年版)》的基本理念,按照下列要求进行教学设计。教学对象:必修“歌唱”模块的学生教学内容:学唱《毕业歌》要求:(1)设定教学目标与教学重点。(2)针对教学重点,设计具体的教学策略与过程,其中
恩格斯曾经说过:“我们在哲学中以及在其他许多领域中常常不得不回到这个小民族的成就方面来。”“这个小民族及其成就”主要是指()。
终于,许多人开始相信他们自己对一切____,于是,消极情绪开始____。最后,困境中的公司的终极病态——推卸责任——占据了主导。
【B1】【B20】
最新回复
(
0
)