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  3. After Dolly the Sheep come the Mickey Mice. (46)Scientists are expected to reveal that they have succeeded in creating the first

After Dolly the Sheep come the Mickey Mice. (46)Scientists are expected to reveal that they have succeeded in creating the first

admin2009-04-27  68
问题     After Dolly the Sheep come the Mickey Mice. (46)Scientists are expected to reveal that they have succeeded in creating the first animal cloned from the cells of an adult since the birth of Dolly two years ago. A formal announcement is expected within weeks.
    (47)Researchers in Hawaii are understood to have manufactured a mouse that is an identical genetic copy of another living animal, raising the prospect of commercial cloning of animals—and eventually of humans.
    Since scientists at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh revealed the existence of Dolly to awed colleagues in February last year, nobody has been able to make another clone derived from cells taken from an adult animal. Dolly was grown from the udder cells of an ewe.
    Some biologists have since queried Dolly’s authenticity because of their inability to reproduce the results, The cloned mouse would end any doubts and confirm that man is genuinely on verge of a new era in reproductive biology.
    The first hint of the breakthrough by Dr. Ryuzo Yanagimachi, the professor who led the University of Hawaii group, emerged after a re cent lecture when he showed a slide of Dolly and told his audience, "I can say she is not alone."
    (48)The scientist, who won the International Prize for Biology in 1996 for his work on reproduction, declined last week to give details of the cloning research until its expected publication in the scientific journal Nature later this month.
    It is understood that Yanagimachi, who has worked with international collaborators, was able to clone the mouse using a technique slightly different to that employed by scientists at the Roslin Institute.
    But, like the Roslin team led by Dr. Eau Wilrnut, it is thought he has been able to extract the genetic material from the cell of an adult and transplant it into an egg. In Dolly’s case, the egg was then implanted into the womb of a surrogate mother that gave birth to a healthy lamb.
    This technique, previously thought by some tb be impossible, followed successful experiments in creating animals from cells taken from fetuses. These were much simpler to conduct because foetal cells have not yet taken on specialist roles in the organism and can be easily manipulated.
    Yanagimachi’s team is one of several around the world that have been trying to produce another Dolly-like clone, said April Darcy, of PPL Therapeutics, the company that holds the commercial rights to the Roslin cloning techniques;
    (49)Scientists hope that cloning, once perfected, will enable revolutions in transplant surgery, allowing skin and organs to be grown to order without fear of patient rejection. It will also be a powerful research tool in finding cures for genetic diseases.
    (50)But fears that cloning techniques could eventually be used in the creation of carbon-copy humans have already prompted western governments including Britain to ban such research.

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答案科学家们希望，克隆技术一旦完善，就能使移植外科学发生变革，使皮肤和器官按事先已确定好的样子生长，而不必担心患者出现排异现象。
解析 为符合汉语表达习惯，动宾短语"enable revolution in transplant surgery"译作使动句型"使移植外科学发生变革"；被动语态"be grown"转译作主动语态"生化"，"to order"被增译为"按事先确定好的样子"；而介词短语"without fear of patient rejection"则转译为动词短语"而不必担心患者出现排异现象"。
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