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  3. Art restorers who have been studying the factors that cause Renaissance oil paintings to deteriorate physically when subject to

Art restorers who have been studying the factors that cause Renaissance oil paintings to deteriorate physically when subject to

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问题 Art restorers who have been studying the factors that cause Renaissance oil paintings to deteriorate physically when subject to climatic changes have found that the oil paint used in these paintings actually adjusts to these changes well. The restorers therefore hypothesize that it is a layer of material called gesso, which is under the paint, that causes the deterioration.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the restorers’ hypothesis?
选项 A、Renaissance oil paintings with a thin layer of gesso are less likely to show deterioration in response to climatic changes than those with a thicker layer.
B、Renaissance oil paintings are often painted on wooden panels, which swell when humidity increases and contract when it declines.
C、Oil paint expands and contracts readily in response to changes in temperature, but it absorbs little water and so is little affected by changes in humidity.
D、An especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso was the raw material for moldings on the frames of Renaissance oil paintings.
E、Gesso layers applied by Renaissance painters typically consisted of a coarse base layer onto which several increasingly fine-grained layers were applied.
答案A
解析 Argument Evaluation
Situation Renaissance paintings are subject to deterioration due to changes in climate, but their actual paint is not a factor in this deterioration. Instead, restorers hypothesize, it is gesso, the material under the paint, that causes problems for the paintings.
Reasoning What would most strongly support the hypothesis that gesso is causing the deterioration? An indication that gesso is affected by climatic changes would be most helpful in supporting the hypothesis. What could show that gesso is affected in this way? If the extent of a painting’s deterioration is directly related to the amount of gesso used under that painting, then the gesso clearly plays some part in that deterioration.
A Correct. This statement properly identifies a point supporting the hypothesis.
B This suggests that another factor—the wood of the panels—has a role in the paintings’ deterioration. Thus it weakens the hypothesis that gesso causes the deterioration.
C This merely reinforces given information, that the paint itself is not responsible for the paintings’ deterioration.
D Because this gives no information about any connection between this especially hard and nonabsorbent type of gesso and the type of gesso used under the paint in Renaissance paintings, the properties and usage of the former type of gesso are irrelevant to the question of whether gesso is responsible for the paintings’ deterioration.
E Because we are told nothing about whether this technique of gesso application increases or decreases the likelihood that gesso will be affected by climatic change, it does not support the restorers’ hypothesis.
The correct answer is A.
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