首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
医学
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese i
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese i
admin
2013-10-31
69
问题
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese is challenging current thinking on dyslexia. The 17-year-old boy, known as AS, is the first person shown to be dyslexic in one language but not in another.
" This could have profound consequences for concepts of reading," says Taeko Wydell of Brunei University in west London, who has studied AS. " If there is a specific brain area for reading and a person has impairment in this area, in theory all his languages should be affected. " The case is also posing problems for researchers who argue that dyslexia is visual procession disorder.
AS has two English-speaking parents but lives in Japan. At the age of six, he began attending a Japanese primary school, but it soon became clear that he was lagging behind his Japanese counterparts in English. When AS was 13, tests confirmed that the problem was dyslexia, a congenital difficulty with reading.
The causes of dyslexia are poorly understood, but have been linked to damage in part of the brain’ s left hemisphere known as the perisylvian area. The condition is marked by an impaired a-bility to process the written symbols of language, such as letters—which has led some researchers to suggest that the problem lies ultimately in faulty visual processing.
Intrigued by AS’ s case, Wydell and her colleague Brain Butterworth of University College London looked at his reading in Japanese. Japanese has two written forms. One, called kanji, consists of symbols that carry meaning but have no phonetic value. The kana script contains symbols that correspond to particular sounds.
Wydell first tested AS’ s ability to read 160 words written in kanji. Many kanji characters have two pronunciations—one in the Chinese from which the symbols were derived and the other unique to Japanese—but only one is correct in a given context. Knowing how to pronounce a word can be extremely difficult. Yet AS read kanji at undergraduate level and so has no problem with his visual processing skills. He has also passed competitive high school entrance exams, which require expertise in kana.
In English, however, AS scored half as well as the average person of his age when asked to read real words and made-up words out loud. And he could read only one of 50 "difficult" words, such as "nausea" and "aisle". Nevertheless, AS perceives English sounds "just like a native", says Wydell.
Wydell argues that AS’ s case is difficult to reconcile with conventional theories about dyslexia. "If AS has a problem with visual processing," She says, "it should show up even more in kanji. " She accepts that many children diagnosed as dyslexic may well have problems processing visual information , but suspects that others—like AS—suffer from a kind of dyslexia that occurs primary in English. The problem, she believes, like in the brain’ s ability to tackle the English language’ s complex system of mapping sounds to letters, which gives rise to some eccentric spellings. By contrast, kana letters always sound the same.
Not all researchers in the field are persuaded, however. " If AS’ s sight vocabulary is so good in Japanese," asks Marjorie Perlman Lorch, a neurolinguist at Birkbeck College, " why hasn’ t he adopted the same strategy for irregular words in English?" She suspects that AS’ s reading problems could stem from his position as a cultural outsider in Japan. " Social identity and motivational factors can be crucial. "
Wydell finds it hard to explain AS’ s case in terms of______.
选项
A、faulty visual processing
B、English phonetics and spelling
C、congenital problems with reading
D、the disparities between English and Japanese
答案
A
解析
第二段最后讲到这个案例给那些认为dyslexia is visual procession disorder的人带来了难题,可以推断这是因为用这个原理解释不通AS的案例。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FmU3777K
本试题收录于:
医学博士外语题库考研分类
0
医学博士外语
考研
相关试题推荐
Cultureshockmightbecalledanoccupationaldiseaseofpeoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplantedabroad.Likemostailments,
Physicsandchemistryhavefurnishedthetechniquesforbiologiststotaketheexplorationoflifetoitslogicalconclusion.Th
Despitegrowingnumbersofjoggers,CanadaFitnessSurveysacrossthecountrydemonstratethatCanadiansarelessphysicallyfit
A、Thediaristswhowriteoftheirfreewill.B、ThediaristswhowerestudentsatStaffordshireUniversity.C、Thediaristswhoha
Depressionisastateoflowvitalityanddiscontentwithlifeinwhichtheindividualwithdrawsfromnormallifeactivitieseve
A、Toknowalltheanswers.B、Toknowalibraryworks.C、Tobecompletelydependentontheirprofessors.D、Totaketheinitiative
Duringthepast30yearsorso,healthcarehasincreasinglybecomeaformofbusiness.Inaddition,theenvironmentsurroundin
A、Herlegswerebroken.B、Herarmswerebroken.C、Hershoulderswereseverelyinjured.D、Hercervicalvertebraewereseriouslyi
Itseemsintuitivethatgoingtoaspecialistphysicianwillresultinmorethoroughandup-to-datecareforwhateverailsyou.
Microsoftisnolongertheworld’sbiggestcompany【C1】______marketcapitalization.ThreeotherU.S.companieshaveovertaken【C
随机试题
被誉为“科学管理之父”的是()。
水生植物可分为沉水植物、浮水植物和______三大类。
钙通道阻滞剂是β受体阻滞剂是
按公式计算,正常6岁小儿血压的收缩压是
甲状腺功能亢进的高代谢症状是
下列施工用电中属于一类负荷的是()。
教师在讲解圆周率的时候,把圆周率“3.1415926535”编成顺口溜“山巅一寺一壶酒,尔乐苦煞吾”。是运用了哪种精加工策略()
各地区中,人口密度最大的是( )。长江三角洲地区生产总值是西部地区的几倍?
Whatattractscustomers?Obviouslythequalityofaproductdoes,butvisualimages【C1】______agreatdeal.Itisnetonlythei
A、150healthypeople.B、150unhealthypeople.C、300patients.D、300people.D根据对话中“Thestudylookedatthehumorresponsesof15
最新回复
(
0
)