首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use o
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use o
admin
2012-09-19
82
问题
Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency.
Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book, The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners(实践者)had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well-known for his invention of the mechanical computer(with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820), applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting.
Taylor was of well-to-do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty-five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment.
In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slave-driving methods common in his day. He died in 1915, leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.
According to the passage, what was badly needed to improve industrial efficiency?
选项
A、Great breakthroughs.
B、Unlimited purchasing power.
C、Science and competition.
D、International competition.
答案
C
解析
由题干needed to improve industrial efficiency定位到文章第一段最后一句话:科技与竞争成为提高工业效率的方式和需要,所以选C)。A)在文中未提及;B)是工业效率提高的结果,不是需要;D)只提到一点,片面。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Fv57777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、physicsB、computerscienceC、travelandtourismD、chemicalC
Haveyoueverwonderedwhatourfutureislike?Practicallyallpeople【C1】______adesiretopredicttheirfuture【C2】______People
Haveyoueverwonderedwhatourfutureislike?Practicallyallpeople【C1】______adesiretopredicttheirfuture【C2】______People
Haveyoueverwonderedwhatourfutureislike?Practicallyallpeople【C1】______adesiretopredicttheirfuture【C2】______People
Yogaiscloselyrelatedtothebodyandmindwithallthebreathing,stretching,andmeditating.Inrecentyearsscientificr
Ironproductionwasrevolutionizedintheearlyeighteenthcenturywhencokewasfirstusedinsteadofcharcoal(木炭)forrefining
A、Advisingherhusbandtheemperor.B、Hernineteen-yearmarriage.C、Givingbirthto14children.D、Herextraordinarybeauty.A
AnewWorldBankreportwarnsthatchildrenwhodonotgetenoughgoodfoodinthefirsttwoyearsoflifesufferlastingdamage
InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhigha
随机试题
有底座机组安装,先将底座放于浇筑好的基础上,套上地脚螺栓和螺帽,调整位置。底座的纵横中心位置和浇筑基础时所定的纵横中心线误差不能超过()mm。
设F(x)是f(x)的一个原函数,则∫f(a+3x)dx=______.
女性,42岁,月经增多2年,乏力、面色苍白5个月,查体:贫血貌,巩膜无黄染,肝、脾不大。既往体健,血象:白细胞3.6×109/L,红细胞3.2×1012/L,Hb55g/L,MCV65fl,MCH20pg,血小板200×109/L。为查病因,应行哪项检
A.外感风热证B.肺胃热盛证C.肺胃热毒证D.肾阴虚证E.肺阴虚证咽痛,红肿,有黄白脓点者多见于
设备购置费估算时一般应包括的费用是:
通用会计核算软件比专业会计核算软件()。
根据税收征收管理法律制度的有关规定,下列各项中,属于纳税人在申报办理税务登记时,应出示的证件和资料有()。
德才水泥公司利用自身位居长江附近的地理位置优势,积极推行其他水泥企业难以复制的“T型”战略布局:在拥有丰富石灰石资源的区域建立大规模生产的熟料基地,利用长江的低成本水运物流,在长江沿岸拥有大容量水泥消费的城市群建立粉磨厂。率先在国内新型干法水泥生产线低投资
【2016年北京市第84题】某次专业技能大赛有来自A科室的4名职工和来自B科室的2名职工参加,结果有3人获奖且每人的成绩均不相同。如果获奖者中最多只有1人来自B科室,那么获奖者的名单和名次顺序有多少种不同的可能性?
有如下程序:#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classCD{public:~CD0{cout<<’C’;}private:charname[80];};intmain(){CDa,*b,
最新回复
(
0
)