首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ⅰ. What is a research proposal? 1)intended to convince others that — you have a worthwhile【1】______ — you have
Ⅰ. What is a research proposal? 1)intended to convince others that — you have a worthwhile【1】______ — you have
admin
2013-03-19
49
问题
Ⅰ. What is a research proposal?
1)intended to convince others that
— you have a worthwhile【1】______
— you have the【2】______ and work-plan to complete it
2)usually structured in the same way as【3】______
Ⅱ. How to write a research proposal?
1)Title
— to be concise and【4】______
—- often in terms of a functional relationship
2)Abstract
— a brief summary of about 300 words
— including【5】______, the rationale for study, the hypothesis, the method and main findings
3)Introduction
— purpose: to provide the background for the research problem
— frame: to paint your research question in broad brushes and bring out its significance
— to put the research question in the context of a current hot area, or an older area still viable
to provide a brief but appropriate【6】______
to provide the contemporary context
4)【7】______
— many different ways to organize this part
— use of subheadings to bring order and coherence to this part
5)Methods
— purpose: to provide your work plan and describe the activities necessary for the completion of your project
— guiding principle: sufficient information to justify the soundness of the methodology
to demonstrate your knowledge of【8】______ and prove that your method is the most appropriate
to use qualitative method and justify it
to be more elaborate than what is required for traditional quantitative research
6)Results
— no results at the proposal stage
— to have some idea of data to be collected and statistical procedures to be used
7)Discussion
— to convince readers of【9】______ of the proposed research
— to include merits as well as【10】______ of your research
【7】
Going Underground
Hello, everybody! Today’s lecture is about a bold new idea —going underground to live a life in the future.
At first thought, it may not seem a pleasant suggestion. We have so many evil associations with the underground. In our myths and legends, the underground is the realm of evil spirits and of the dead, because dead bodies are always buried underground. And the volcanic eruptions make the underground appear to be a hellish place of fire and noxious gases. It seems to be the place of an after life of torment. However, after we explore all the advantages of living underground, it may seem to be a rather appealing idea.
The first advantage to an underground life is that weather would no longer be important. Rain, snow, fog, hurricane, all these things are only phenomena of the atmosphere, they would not trouble the underground world. Even temperature variations are limited to the aboveground world and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world would remain nearly constant. The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved. And also the damage done to man-made structures and to human beings by weather would be gone.
Second, local time would no longer be important. On the surface, there is always the natural and unavoidable shift between day and night. It could not be avoided that when it is morning in one place, it is noon, evening or even midnight in other places. The rhythm of human life therefore varies from place to place. While in underground, there is no externally produced day. It is artificial lighting that produces the day and this could be adjusted to suit man’s convenience. The whole world could be on an 8-hour shift, starting and ending at the same time. This is quite significant for businesses and public institutions. In a highly mobile world, the universal time shift would save travelers lots of troubles. Air transportation over long distances would no longer have to bring about "jet lag." Travelers landing on another coast or another continent would find the time of the place they reach exactly the same as at home.
Third, the ecological structure could be stabilized. To a certain extent, it is mankind that makes the earth overcrowded. It is not only his enormous numbers that take up room; more so, it is all the structures he builds to house himself and his machines, to make possible his transportation and communication, to offer him rest and recreation. All these things distort the wild, depriving many species of plants and animals of their natural habitat. If the works of man were removed below ground, man would still occupy the surface with his farms, his forest, his observation towers, his air terminals and so on, but the extent of that occupation would be enormously decreased. Indeed, as the underground world becomes increasingly elaborate, even food could be supplied through hydroponic growth in artificially illuminated areas underground. The Earth’s surface might be increasingly turned over to park and to wilderness, maintained at ecological stability.
Fourth, nature would be closer. It might seem that to go underground is to withdraw from the natural world, but would that be so? Would the withdrawal be more complete than it is now? Look at what we have now: We are working in crowded buildings that are often windowless and artificially conditioned; even where there are windows, and if one bothers to look up from his work and look out of the window, what is there to see? Mostly man made buildings spread all the way to the horizon. And to get away from the city, to reach the real countryside, one must travel horizontally for miles, first across downtown city and its terrible traffic, then across suburban sprawls. In an underground culture, the countryside would be right there, a few hundred yards above the city. Underground city dweller would surely be able to see more greenery —the ecologically healthier greener —than dwellers of surface cities do today.
You see, although underground living may seem at first thought odd and repulsive, there are things to be said for it —and I haven’t said them all.
选项
答案
ecological
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/G7aO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Loveisthemostwonderfulthingintheworld.Peoplealwayshopetoowntheperfectlove.Herecomesthequestion:Doyoubelie
Contrasttoresearchers’expectations,dysfunctionalfamilyrelationshipsandpoor【M1】______communicationstylesappeartoh
ChildrenintheUKarenotreadingenoughathome,favouringtelevisionandcomputergamesinstead,accordingtonewresearch.
ChildrenintheUKarenotreadingenoughathome,favouringtelevisionandcomputergamesinstead,accordingtonewresearch.
Researchersinvestigatingbrainsizeandmentalabilitysaytheirworkoffersevidencethateducationprotectsthemindfromthe
Researchersinvestigatingbrainsizeandmentalabilitysaytheirworkoffersevidencethateducationprotectsthemindfromthe
A、Peopleofcomparativelyhigherlevels.B、Peopleconsistinglargelyofuniversitystudents,postgraduates,Englishworkers.C、T
A、Theliteraryworld,theartcircles,socialscience-economics.B、Historyandgeography,scienceandtechnology.C、Speciesand
AuthorEmmaHeathcote-Jameshasspentnineyearslookingintoreal-lifeghoststories,collectingtalesfromhundredsofpeople
随机试题
某市某酒楼在接受某区卫生防疫站检查时,被发现灶房使用的餐具没有消毒,冰箱内食品生熟不分,受到停业整顿1天、罚款200元的处罚。酒楼经理后来才得知此事,就向该人民法院提起诉讼,要求核实案情,依法撤销处罚决定。人民法院调查后得知,该区卫生防疫站在检查、处罚时没
根据《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》,投标人有限度地承担市场风险是指投标人可承担()的风险。
信托起源于()。
简述德育过程中贯彻尊重学生与严格要求学生相结合原则的要求。
【2018年下】人民法院依法对14岁的赵某涉嫌违法犯罪案件进行审理。依据《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》,对于这一类型的案件()。
近年来,对于中国南方和东南亚古代文化的综合比较研究,日益引起各国学者的注意。中国与中南半岛各国边境接壤最长的是云南省,所以各国学者注意的焦点,往往也就集中在云南一隅。从石器时代到青铜时代,云南的确有很多文化因素与东南亚的考古发现有相似之处,反映出这两个相邻
请谈谈如何适应办公室工作的新环境?
根据操作数所在位置,指出其寻址方式(填空):操作数地址在寄存器,为()寻址方式。
在考生文件夹下打开EXCEL.XLS文件,将sheet1工作表的A1:D1单元格合并为一个单元格,内容水平居中;计算学生的平均身高置B23单元格内,如果该学生身高在160厘米及以上在备注行给出“继续锻炼”信息,如果该学生身高在160厘米以下给出“加强锻炼”
A、Dropoutoftheplay.B、Switchpartswithanotheractor.C、Bepatientaboutlearninghispart.D、Havehislinesmemorizedbyt
最新回复
(
0
)