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  3. Globalization is transforming the world. While it brings great benefits to some countries and individuals—a backlash has arisen

Globalization is transforming the world. While it brings great benefits to some countries and individuals—a backlash has arisen

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问题 Globalization is transforming the world. While it brings great benefits to some countries and individuals—a backlash has arisen because these benefits are distributed so unequally and because the global market is not yet underpinned by values and rules that address key social concerns such as the protection of human rights, labor standards and the environment. Globalization has also, unwittingly , made it easier for what I have called "uncivil society"—crime, terrorism, drug and arms-trafficking—to move across borders. Our challenge today is to make globalization an engine that lifts people out of hardship and misery, not a force that holds them down.
The past half century had brought unprecedented economic gains. Most people today can expect to live longer than their parents. They are better nourished, enjoy better health, are better educated, and on the whole face more favorable economic prospects. But there is also widespread deprivation and despair. More than 1 billion people must survive on less than $ 1 a day. Striking inequality persists within and among countries. Diseases such as AIDS and malaria threaten to undo years of progress. Worsening the poverty gap is the "digital divide" between the technology-rich and the technology-poor. At a time when information and knowledge have become the main source of wealth and power, half the developing world’ s people have never made or received a telephone call, much less used a computer. Bringing these people into the mainstream is one of our biggest projects.
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答案 全球化正在改变世界。尽管全球化给一些国家和个人带来了好处，但是由于利益分配很不均衡，且全球市场在处理关键社会问题(诸如人权保护、劳工标准及环境等)时需要得到价值观和规则方面的支持而这些支持目前还比较薄弱，因此全球化也产生了反冲力。全球化还无意之中为我所提到的“野蛮社会”——犯罪、恐怖主义、贩毒和贩卖军火——能够超越国界提供了便利。今天，我们面临的挑战是如何利用全球化带领人们脱离苦海，而不是利用它使人们深陷苦海。 过去的50年取得了前所未有的经济成果。今天多数人的寿命都会超过其父母。他们吃得更有营养，身体更健康，受的教育更高，而且从整体上说，他们面对的经济前景更加有利。然而，掠夺行为和绝望心态依然普遍存在。全球有10亿多人每天只靠1美元过活。一国内部和不同国家之间的不平等现象仍然触目惊心。疾病，像艾滋病、疟疾，可能会让社会倒退好几年。技术富国和技术贫国之间的“数字鸿沟”使贫富差距情况进一步恶化。当今这个时代，财富和权力主要来源于信息和知识，而发展中国家还有一半人口从未打出或接到电话，更别提用电脑了。将这些人带入社会主流是我们的一项大工程。
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