首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
"Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down? That’s not my department," said Wernher von Braun, the pioneer rocket
"Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down? That’s not my department," said Wernher von Braun, the pioneer rocket
admin
2022-11-01
38
问题
"Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down? That’s not my department," said Wernher von Braun, the pioneer rocket scientist who worked after 1945, with equal enthusiasm, for NASA. Now a rather different mathematician, Hannah Fry, has called for a Hippocratic Oath for scientists and technologists to help them carry constantly in their minds the ethical consequences of their work. This is a proposal that deserves serious consideration: if it achieves nothing else, it will help to dispel the idea that technologies like software development are in themselves morally neutral, so that ethics, or morality, can be dealt with by someone else. Those who send the rockets up need to think carefully about where they might come down.
There are three obvious issues with her plan. The first is "Whose ethics? Which rationality?" There is no single, universal code of ethics to which all scientists around the world subscribe and the wars of the 20th century show how quickly many could be recruited to weapons research in the name of defending civilisation. And absolute pacifism has not been a feature of earlier efforts at scientific ethics. The philosopher Karl Popper proposed in 1969 an oath for all students of science; even then, he could, and did, justify some work on nuclear weapons.
The second problem is the extreme difficulty of foreseeing the uses to which pure research can be put. There have been a few occasions in recent times when scientists have drawn back from research until some at least of the ethical consequences of its application have become clearer: the suspension of genetic engineering in the Asilomar conference is the most celebrated. But fundamental research has uses far beyond the imagination of the people who carry it out. No one could blame Alan Turing for YouTube’s role in stirring up extremism.
Beyond this horizon of ignorance appears what might be called a horizon of influence: any one individual can only accomplish a limited amount compared to the forces of states and huge businesses. Tim Berners-Lee, who invented the web, is horrified by some of the ways in which it has developed but he has been powerless to stop them. It’s true that collective action can have effects, but these are limited. A revulsion among the workers at Google has so far stopped the company from cooperating with the US immigration service. It has not stopped its YouTube algorithms from corrupting politics in Brazil. Any effective moral action must come from corporations as a whole, not just some of their workers.
But for all these drawbacks, this is still a worthwhile idea. The choice between individual and collective ethics is not either-or. Both are needed. The dominant ideal of the last decades has been boundless selfishness, both individual and corporate. Whatever helps to put limits on that is not just desirable but essential.
The author begins the article with Wernher von Braun’s words to__________.
选项
A、show his pioneering development of rocket technology
B、praise his unfailing enthusiasm in the research for NASA
C、analyze his reckless calculation of the landing direction of the rockets
D、criticize his complete disregard for the moral principles of his research
答案
D
解析
根据题干关键信息Wernher von Braun定位至第一段。第一句是对沃纳.冯.布劳恩原话的直接引用,他说道: “一旦火箭升空,谁会在意它们落向何方呢?那就不关我的事了。”这里的rockets指的是一种短程弹道导弹,作者以他的话引入话题来批判其不考虑研究成果的用途。第二句提到了与其截然不同的一位数学家(Now a rather different,mathematician…)——汉娜.弗莱,她呼吁通过一个科学和技术界的希波克拉底誓言,以帮助科学家和技术专家时时提醒自己的研究工作会带来的道德伦理结果。汉娜.弗莱和沃纳.冯.布劳恩的态度形成鲜明对比。由此可推断出,作者对布劳恩完全无视其研究道德原则的行为持批判态度,故选项[D]criticize his complete disregard for the moral principles of his research“批评他完全无视自己研究的道德原则”为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GMMD777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
SelectiveNewYorkCitypublichighschoolsaresupposedtomakeiteasyforfamiliestoseetheirdetailedadmissioncriteria,
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
ManyAmericanshavebeenfeedingababyaspirinonceaday,believingitwouldprotectthemfromaheartattack,astroke,ande
Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave【C1】________thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomedi
[A]Staycalm.[B]Stayhumble.[C]Don’tmakejudgments.[D]Berealisticabouttherisks.[E]Decidewhethert
Howseriouslyshouldparentstakekids’opinionswhensearchingforahome?Inchoosinganewhome,CamilleMcClain’skidsh
SupposeyouareamemberoftheStudents’Unionandyouruniversitywillholdanexperiencesharingmeetingaboutthepostgradua
Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Humanresourcemanagementisn
Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Humanresourcemanagementisn
Allstudentsinthedepartmentmadezealouseffortstohelpmakethesportsmeetasuccess.
随机试题
某女,40岁,低热,双手腕、掌指、近端指问关节肿痛,伴晨僵每天2小时以上,病史5年,加重2个月。查体示双手腕关节、掌指关节肿胀,双手手指尺侧偏斜,屈曲畸形。你认为最可能的诊断是
僵尸企业一般指那些债务严重、入不敷出,依靠银行贷款或政府补贴而得以生存的企业。处置僵尸企业是去产能的关键。近年来,我国通过淘汰等方式不断加大对僵尸企业的处置力度。处置僵尸企业()。①能够促进资源的合理配置②可以避免我
用于职业病劳动能力鉴定的指标是
A.决明子B.乌梅C.草果D.沙苑子E.枸杞子类纺锤形或椭圆形,表面红色或暗红色,气微,味甜()
某银行会计临时请假离开公司,因为领导不在,为了节约时间,该会计人员将财务章交给无权使用此章的同事,并告知其可以利用此章处理紧急业务。这是为银行业务考虑的合理行为。()
()是黄龙景观的最大特色。
“棱柱的一个侧面是矩形”是“棱柱为直棱柱”的()。
Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-mirror--theglassintheroofofagreen-housewhichallowsthesun’s
舞龙(dragondance)是中华文化中一种传统的舞蹈表演形式。传统上来讲,其表演动作象征着龙的历史地位,展示了力量与尊贵。舞龙起源于汉代(theHartDynasty)。人们认为它最初是作为耕作收成文化的一部分;同时也是一种治病防病的方法起源。舞
A、Notesandbooks.B、Postcardsandbooks.C、Flowersandbooks.D、Chocolateandcandy.D推理判断题。本题问的是在英国,情人节时情人之间送的传统礼物是什么。对话结尾处女士表
最新回复
(
0
)