2. 外语
  3. Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking tw

Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking tw

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问题     Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking two languages comes with certain types of improved mental【C3】______. Being able to use two languages and never knowing which one to be used right now is good to the brain. The attentional executive system, crucial for all higher thought, seems to be【C4】______.
    Executive functioning allows us to keep a goal in mind, take【C5】______to achieve that goal, and to ignore other information that might【C6】______ us from that goal. The question is; Would it be the case that bilinguals, by the【C7】______need for controlling the two languages, develop a more efficient executive functioning system? The results suggest that bilinguals【C8】______have this positive collateral effect, which is even stronger when it goes to kids and older people. These are ages【C9】______executive functioning is worse.
    Bilinguals do better at tests that require multitasking, including ones that【C10】______ driving and talking on a phone. And the longer people have spoken multiple languages, the greater the cognitive【C11】______. There are even benefits when languages were【C12】______at later ages.
    Certainly, bilingualism comes with some 【C13】______. Bilinguals have more " tip-of-the-tongue" problems. There are a couple of milliseconds before they can target. Bilingual children, also, have 【C14】______ a smaller vocabulary in each of their languages than monolingual children,【C15】______they probably know more words altogether.
    Still, all of these findings are【C16】______ abstract. It is difficult to take laboratory findings showing better executive functioning in bilinguals and demonstrate that they【C17】______ into better performance in the workplace or some other practical 【C18】______. The only real, world application preliminarily demonstrated may be that multilingualism can【C19】______health benefits to Alzheimer’s patients. Bilinguals show【C20】______ of the disease up to four years later than monolinguals.
【C14】
选项 A、on occasion
B、on average
C、on purpose
D、on principle
答案B
解析 短语辨析题。句意为：双语儿童在其使用的每种语言中词汇量都比单语儿童词汇量小，但他们的词汇总量可能会更多一些。本文阐述的是科学研究与发现，因此要介绍一般状况，而不是个例，故四个选项中只有[B]“平均”符合上下文语境和科学研究的陈述语气。[A]“偶尔”、[C]“故意”和[D]“原则上”均不符合此处文意。
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