首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
医学
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese i
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese i
admin
2013-10-31
85
问题
A boy who struggles to read English primary-school storybooks yet has no trouble with university physics textbooks in Japanese is challenging current thinking on dyslexia. The 17-year-old boy, known as AS, is the first person shown to be dyslexic in one language but not in another.
" This could have profound consequences for concepts of reading," says Taeko Wydell of Brunei University in west London, who has studied AS. " If there is a specific brain area for reading and a person has impairment in this area, in theory all his languages should be affected. " The case is also posing problems for researchers who argue that dyslexia is visual procession disorder.
AS has two English-speaking parents but lives in Japan. At the age of six, he began attending a Japanese primary school, but it soon became clear that he was lagging behind his Japanese counterparts in English. When AS was 13, tests confirmed that the problem was dyslexia, a congenital difficulty with reading.
The causes of dyslexia are poorly understood, but have been linked to damage in part of the brain’ s left hemisphere known as the perisylvian area. The condition is marked by an impaired a-bility to process the written symbols of language, such as letters—which has led some researchers to suggest that the problem lies ultimately in faulty visual processing.
Intrigued by AS’ s case, Wydell and her colleague Brain Butterworth of University College London looked at his reading in Japanese. Japanese has two written forms. One, called kanji, consists of symbols that carry meaning but have no phonetic value. The kana script contains symbols that correspond to particular sounds.
Wydell first tested AS’ s ability to read 160 words written in kanji. Many kanji characters have two pronunciations—one in the Chinese from which the symbols were derived and the other unique to Japanese—but only one is correct in a given context. Knowing how to pronounce a word can be extremely difficult. Yet AS read kanji at undergraduate level and so has no problem with his visual processing skills. He has also passed competitive high school entrance exams, which require expertise in kana.
In English, however, AS scored half as well as the average person of his age when asked to read real words and made-up words out loud. And he could read only one of 50 "difficult" words, such as "nausea" and "aisle". Nevertheless, AS perceives English sounds "just like a native", says Wydell.
Wydell argues that AS’ s case is difficult to reconcile with conventional theories about dyslexia. "If AS has a problem with visual processing," She says, "it should show up even more in kanji. " She accepts that many children diagnosed as dyslexic may well have problems processing visual information , but suspects that others—like AS—suffer from a kind of dyslexia that occurs primary in English. The problem, she believes, like in the brain’ s ability to tackle the English language’ s complex system of mapping sounds to letters, which gives rise to some eccentric spellings. By contrast, kana letters always sound the same.
Not all researchers in the field are persuaded, however. " If AS’ s sight vocabulary is so good in Japanese," asks Marjorie Perlman Lorch, a neurolinguist at Birkbeck College, " why hasn’ t he adopted the same strategy for irregular words in English?" She suspects that AS’ s reading problems could stem from his position as a cultural outsider in Japan. " Social identity and motivational factors can be crucial. "
In AS’case, according to Lorch, are involved______.
选项
A、social factors
B、cultural factors
C、motivational factors
D、all of the above
答案
D
解析
文章最后指出Lorch认为AS的阅读问题可能是出于他是a cuhural outsider in Japan,Social identity以及motivational factors也是关键因素。由此可知A、B、C三项中讲到的因素都与AS的案例有关。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GmU3777K
本试题收录于:
医学博士外语题库考研分类
0
医学博士外语
考研
相关试题推荐
A、OnMondayinEdinburgh.B、OnWednesdayinEdinburgh.C、OnMondayatStaffordshireUniversity.D、OnWednesdayatStaffordshire
Depressionisastateoflowvitalityanddiscontentwithlifeinwhichtheindividualwithdrawsfromnormallifeactivitieseve
Depressionisastateoflowvitalityanddiscontentwithlifeinwhichtheindividualwithdrawsfromnormallifeactivitieseve
Depressionisastateoflowvitalityanddiscontentwithlifeinwhichtheindividualwithdrawsfromnormallifeactivitieseve
A、Learningautonomy.B、Americaneducation.C、Respectforprofessors.D、GuidelinesforusingthelibraryintheU.S.A.A整篇录音主要讲述
A、Herlegswerebroken.B、Herarmswerebroken.C、Hershoulderswereseverelyinjured.D、Hercervicalvertebraewereseriouslyi
Wheneverpeoplegoandliveinanothercountrytheyhavenewexperiencesandnewfeelings.Theyexperiencecultureshock.Manyp
Wheneverpeoplegoandliveinanothercountrytheyhavenewexperiencesandnewfeelings.Theyexperiencecultureshock.Manyp
A、Thecommercialcompanieshaveinvestedalotinthenewmachine.B、Thefurtherdevelopmentofthemachineisinfinancialtrou
A、Agroupofpioneerssurvivedtheirfirstyearfromseverewinter.B、AgroupofNativeAmericanssurvivedtheirfirstyear.C、A
随机试题
下列各项中,哪项检查是再生障碍性贫血的诊断标准之一
对于公布的选民名单有不同意见的,可以向选举委员会提出申诉。申诉人对选举委员会作出的处理决定不服的,可以采取以下哪些措施?()。
宏观衡量主要是考察整个宏观经济对基金业绩的影响。( )
在为客户进行退休规划时,预期投资回报率的设定与客户的年龄、学历、风险偏好、对投资工具的认识、风险承受能力等相关。下列关于预期投资回报率的表述,错误的是()。
纳税人未在规定期限内进行纳税申报,经税务机关责令限期申报,逾期仍未申报。根据税收征收管理法律制度的规定,税务机关有权对纳税人采取的税款征收措施是()。
请阅读下列材料:“多途径下载文件”是教育科学出版社出版的《信息技术基础(必修)》第二章第三节“文件的下载”的第二堂课,在第一堂课先学习了“网际快车(FlashGet)和FTP下载工具(CuteFTP)的使用以及文件的重要属性及类型,让学生了解了文
顺叙是记叙(叙述)表达方式中最基本的方法。()
新婚蜜月期间,民警岳某接到单位电话就匆匆离家,十五天后才返回,面对妻子刨根问底与埋怨责怪,岳某总报以深情微笑,饱含歉意地说:“我也很想待在家里,好好陪陪你,可我是警察,守护百姓和万家安宁是警察的责任!”民警岳某的行为最能体现人民警察职业道德规范的(
WhereisMrs.Bushvisitingnow?
A、Awaytopreventabonedisease.B、Anunderstandingbetweenbonetissueandothertissue.C、Awaytounderstandhowspecialize
最新回复
(
0
)