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Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought

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问题     Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
    "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
    The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect. Another reason is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a topic would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
    The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom...these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
    However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
    To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
    Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
The central idea of the above passage is that_________.
选项 A、attitudes affect our actions
B、teachers are important in developing or changing pupils’ attitudes
C、attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences
D、by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes
答案B
解析 文章第三段第一句提到“小学老师在影响孩子态度方面处于关键性的地位”，接下来主要讲述了为什么老师对孩子态度的发展和改变如此重要，由此可知这篇文章的主旨是老师对孩子态度的发展和改变发挥着重要作用，所以答案为B。
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