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  3. 【F1】Many of us may have lists of contacts and followers on social media networks that extend into the thousands, but new researc

【F1】Many of us may have lists of contacts and followers on social media networks that extend into the thousands, but new researc

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问题     【F1】Many of us may have lists of contacts and followers on social media networks that extend into the thousands, but new research has found we may actually only have five real friends.【F2】A team of scientists have found that while humans have the capacity to form complex layered societies, we face an upper limit to how many friends we can have in our inner circle. They say this upper limit of five has likely gone unchanged for hundreds of thousands of years and probably governed social relationships when humans lived as groups of hunters. Whenever we add someone new to our social network, they argue, each new friend is actually slightly more distant than those of the inner circle. It suggests that while we may have just a few friends, we can still surround ourselves with acquaintances.
    Michael Harre and Mikhail Prokopenko, both with the University of Sydney in Australia, said while we may only have five close friends, our social network from them can extend to 132 people. The researchers built computer models to analyze human social networks and then compared them to hunter-gatherer societies. 【F3】They explain that from an evolutionary perspective, it was important to have small groups of close-knit social connections when humans were on hunting expeditions and other dangerous stations. This would mean that we did not have to be as close with the rest of the wider group—as long as we had a strong bond with around 5 others. Even now, as we add or follow others on social media, most new connections are made through meeting friends of others.
    【F4】Writing in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface, the researchers said: humans were probably egalitarian in hunter-gatherer-like societies, maintaining an average maximum of four or five social links connecting all members in a largest social network of around 132 people. As we form new connections and relationships, they become increasingly distant from our "core" starting group. The researchers added that the "social brain hypothesis" describes "neurologically constrained capacity for maintaining long-term stable relationships ".
    The "hunter-gatherer" example shows how social hierarchies can form—you only need to directly know a few people in a large group in order to become a leader figure. 【F5】The researchers say that while social media is changing the number of people we can be connected to—in 2014, the mean average number of Facebook friends was 338—it is unlikely to change the number of friends we actually have.
【F2】
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答案一个科学家团队发现，人们可以构建纷繁复杂、层次分明的社会群体，而在自己的社交圈里，我们拥有的朋友数量是有上限的。
解析 (1)complex和layered修饰societies，英译汉的一个亮点是把形容词翻译成四字格形式，complex可译为“纷繁复杂”，layered可译为“层次分明”。
(2)英译汉时，在句子较长的情况下，可以将句子信息进行拆分，A team of scientists have found that while humans have the capacity to form complex layered societies拆分为“一个科学家团队发现，人们可以构建纷繁复杂、层次分明的社会群体”。
(3)how many friends we can have可以翻译为“我们拥有的朋友数量”。
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