首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Modes of Transportation There are a variety of means for transportation. Usually, the choice of transportation depends on
Modes of Transportation There are a variety of means for transportation. Usually, the choice of transportation depends on
admin
2014-07-25
15
问题
Modes of Transportation
There are a variety of means for transportation. Usually,
the choice of transportation depends on the【1】______ of goods【1】______
and the points of distribution.
There are five major means of transportation: railroads,
airplanes, ships, trucks, and pipelines. Often, goods may be
transported by a combination of【2】______ 【2】______
Railroads are best adapted to the transportation of
【3】______ products that are low in value in relation to their 【3】______
weight. Truck lines are effective for transporting high-value
goods short distances. With the【4】______, trucks can reach 【4】______
almost every destination without【5】______ goods. Air freight 【5】______
used to be a means to speed【6】______ or expensive but light 【6】______
products, but this changed with the introduction of【7】______ 【7】______
Transportation by waterways is characterized by low cost and
low speed. A new development is the use of【8】______ ships. 【8】______
Pipelines are a special form of transportation mainly used
to move gasoline, crude oil and【9】______ , but they can also 【9】______
move【10】______ like coal. 【10】______
【4】
Modes of Transportation
There are many means of transportation, and each has its advantages and disadvantages. Sometimes, however, the nature of the goods and the points of distribution limit a firm’s transportation choices. Messages can be transported by wire, airwaves, and beams of light; McDonald’s hamburgers cannot.
Railroads, airplanes, ships, trucks, and pipelines are our major means of transportation. Goods are often transported by a combination of carriers. Truck trailers, for example, are loaded on flatcars and transported by rail to their destination, where a tractor hitches up to the trailer and speeds the goods on to another point. Ships and barges also are equipped to carry trailers.
The important factors to be considered by a manager who must select modes of transportation are cost and time, for shipping time is an important cost. g recent study of how best to ship fancy fruits from the Pacific Northwest to Scandinavia showed that it would be profitable to fly them by jet-cargo aircraft. The question then arose about what cargo should be flown back. After extensive study, it was decided that the return cargo should be automobiles.
Railroads are best adapted to the transportation of bulk products that are low in value in relation to their weight and that must travel great distances. Because trains can go only where there are tracks, railroads can directly serve only points on railroad lines. Piggyback loading of trailers, however, allows the advantages of rail and truck combinations.
Truck lines are effective for hauling high-value goods short distances. The highway system permits trucks to reach almost every point in the nation and make deliveries directly to destinations without transferring goods. Trucks can stop within a city and move freely from warehouse to retailer and from retailer to consumer. In combination with railroads, trucks can move goods long distances and make delivery directly without unloading and reloading.
Over the past two decades, the use of air freight has increased greatly. Once thought of as a means to speed perishables or expensive but light products, air freight now uses high speed, supercargo planes, developed for military operations, to move bulk goods. If tanks and cannons can be carried by plane, so can many industrial and consumer products. Containerization permits more efficient use of space in planes, and the speed of air transport allows great efficiency.
Helicopters have been used to ship large items that could not conveniently be carried by other means. Whole fabricated houses have been moved by helicopters from factory to home site, set on the foundation, and made livable by nightfall. The airplane can land only at airports. The helicopter can land almost anywhere. In rugged timber country, it has proved cheaper to use helicopters than to build roads for trucks.
Waterways have long served for transportation. Cargo ships and barges move bulky goods at low cost—and low speed. The loading of truck trailers directly onto ships and barges brings some flexibility to water transportation. Barges moved by tugboats have long been used to move railroad cars. To overcome bad weather, even submarine transport has been tried.
New developments in water transportation include container ships, Large quantities of goods can be stored in their holds and also in standardized and easy-to-handle containers on the decks. New superships—the oil tankers—are too big for many harbors, so offshore ports are being constructed for unloading.
Pipelines are a special form of transportation used mainly to move gasoline, crude oil, and natural gas. It is now possible to move different petroleum products through a pipeline at the same time. Some solids have also been moved by pipeline. The Cleveland Electric Company uses a great deal of coal. When railroad freight rates rose, the company built a pipeline from the coal mines in West Virginia to Cleveland. The coal was ground into a powder that was mixed with water to form a slush. The slush was hydraulically moved through the pipeline to Cleveland, where it was dried and burned. Many solid products could be moved in this manner. Pipelines usually move fluids, but in the future air or hydraulic action may help to move many other goods through them.
选项
答案
highway system
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/H4pO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Whatisthereasonfortheseriesofcarcrashes?
ClocksthroughTimeIttookhumanbeingalongtimetoinventdiversewaysfortellingtime.About3000yearsagopeoplefir
ClocksthroughTimeIttookhumanbeingalongtimetoinventdiversewaysfortellingtime.About3000yearsagopeoplefir
Thenovelstartswith"Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwant
Mostdoctorsinarecentsurveysaidthatannualphysicalexaminationswereeffectivewithdetectingillness【M1
A、ThisisthebiggesttakeoverbattleforChina.B、China’sbidwillprobablytriggeracostlybidingcompetitionoverthecompan
TheHundredYear’sWarlastedfrom______to______.
谁能否认海的伟大呢?我爱海,并不仅仅因为她的颜色美丽,和藏在海底那许多有趣的玩意儿,而是爱她的胸襟广阔,化污秽为清洁。她容纳无数的细流,尽管她们的颜色有黑的也有黄的,一旦流到了海的怀抱,立刻变成碧绿的了。碧绿是代表和平,一种静美。一个人,哪怕他的脾气有如虎
Systematiceffortsatnationalnutritionplanningindevelopingcountriesgobackbarelyadecade.Duringthatbrieftimethere
随机试题
费比介绍法的含义包括()
A、左锁中线与左肋弓缘交点至脾下缘的距离B、左锁骨中线与左肋缘交点至脾最远点的距离C、脾右缘与前正中线的距离D、脾大超过前正中线E、脾大未超过前正中线关于脾测量甲乙线(脾第一测量线)是
A.医生检查病人时,由于消毒观念不强,造成交叉感染B.医生满足病人的一切保密要求C.妊娠危及母亲的生命时,医生给予引产D.医生对病人的呼叫或提问给予应答E.医生的行为使某个病人受益,但却损害了别的病人的利益上述各项中属于医生违背尊重原则的是(
对实施营销方案必需的设施和费用,应计入()中。
避雷针安装施工安全要求有()。
未经其他合伙人一致同意,普通合伙人以其在合伙企业中的财产份额出质,其法律后果是()。
旅游保险的特点有()
结构素描是培养学生造型能力和()能力的基础。
我们需要树立的社会主义法治观念有社会主义民主法治观念,自由平等观念,权利义务观念,公平正义观念,社会主义民主法治观念的主要内容是
Everyfieldofchemistry()differentchemicalreactions.
最新回复
(
0
)