Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested

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问题     Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals (1)_____ they, too, relied upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans (2)_____ a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating (3)_____ of a disease or (4)_____ the condition of a wound. (5)_____ there was so much that primitive humans did not (6)_____ the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component of the beliefs about the causes and cures of heath (7)_____. Therefore it is not (8)_____ that early humans thought that illness was caused (9)_____ evil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to (10)_____ harmful spirit from a diseased body.
    One of the earliest (11)_____ in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought and (12)_____ of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek’ physician Hippocrates. The writing (13)_____ to him has provided a number of principles underlying modern medical practice. One of his most famous (14)_____, the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.
    Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from a (15)_____ of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this (16)_____ thesis, On Airs, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being is (17)_____ by the totality of environmental (18)_____: living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. (19)_____ enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are (20)_____ very much written in twentieth century.


选项 A、attributed
B、committed
C、acknowledged
D、confined

答案A

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