首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The End of the Book? A)Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more book
The End of the Book? A)Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more book
admin
2014-12-31
25
问题
The End of the Book?
A)Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.
B)Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.
C)Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, "romance fiction," etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for "serious" nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.
D)As for children’ s books, who knows? Children’ s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market(and the marketing)is inherently strange.
E)For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.
F)One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.
G)But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on(继续存在)well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.
H)Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’ t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.
I)Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.
J)Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows("Jack Benny," "Amos and Andy," "The Shadow")all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’ s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.
K)Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry(骑兵)replaced the chariot(二轮战车)on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized "an officer and a gentleman."
L)Sometimes new technology is a little cranky(不稳定的)at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough(and engines small enough)to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails.(The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)
M)Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food(which is much easier to cat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough(over a million years)that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.
N)Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile(触觉的)pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.
O)For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out.
Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.
选项
答案
L
解析
题干:旧有的技术有时会一直存在下去。因为它的可靠性。题干关键词Oldtechnology,reliability。文中L段前三句提到,有时候新的科技是很不稳定的,这时,旧的技术仍然作为有力的支撑。可见旧的技术是很稳定的,与题干意思吻合,故选L。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HDq7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
AccordingtorecentUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)projections,thecountrywillseeasharpdropinmeatconsumpt
Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmust______(使自己适应新的风俗习惯).
Farewell,Libraries?Amazon.com’srecentannouncementthatsalesofe-booksattheonlinemegastorehadovertakensalesofh
Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheidea______(我们去的地方越远,假期过得就越好).
A、Theybegintolikethenewenvironmentaftertheirarrival.B、Theybegintohatethecountryinthenewculture.C、Theybegin
QuickChangeinStrategyforaBooksellerInthemovieYou’veGotMail,TomHanksplayedtheaggressivebig-boxretailerJoe
随机试题
患者,女性,27岁。G2P2,诊断为葡萄胎。查体:子宫如16周妊娠大小,肺部CT无异常。该患者治疗方法宜采用()
患者,女,48岁。右乳房发现肿块2个月。查体:右乳头抬高,右乳外上象限可扪及一个2~2.5cm大小肿块,质硬,表面不平,边界不清。应首先考虑的是()
具有局部麻醉作用,可治疗各型瘙痒症,并有特异性杀灭疥螨作用的药物是()。
不属于城市规划管理控制的原则有()。
在单层工业厂房结构吊装中,如安装支座表面高度为15.0m(从停机面算起),绑扎点至所吊构件底面距离0.8m,索具高度为3.0m,则起重机起重高度至少为()。[2012年真题]
背景:某工程有两块厚2.5m,平面尺寸分别为27.2m×34.5m和29.2m×34.5m的板。设计中规定把上述大块板分成小块(每大块分成6小块),间歇施工。混凝土所用材料为:P.O42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥、中砂、花岗岩碎石;混凝土强度等级为C20。施工
证券服务机构制作、出具的文件有误导性陈述而给他人造成损失的,应当与发行人、上市公司承担()责任。
根据以下情境材料,回答下列问题。邓某与王某(男,2002年3月1日出生)既是邻居又是同学。2016年10月2日,邓某买了一辆价值400元的自行车,王某欲借用,被拒绝后双方发生口角,情急之下,王某扇了邓某一耳光。10月15日9时许,邓某报案,称放在
水土流失是指在水力、重力、风力等外力作用下,水土资源和土地生产力遭受的破坏和损失,包括土地表层侵蚀和水的损失,亦称水土损失。水土流失是不利的自然条件与人类不合理的经济活动互相交织作用产生的。根据以上定义,下列不存在水土流失的是()。
AnOhioStateUniversitystudyhaslinkedbehaviorinyoungchildren【1】thetypeofjobtheirmotherhas.Motherswithcomplexoc
最新回复
(
0
)