首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bow
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bow
admin
2016-08-25
55
问题
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College
[A]Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the school has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students(blacks, Latinos(拉丁美洲人), and Native Americans, about 30 percent of the U.S population)in entering freshman classes from 8 percent to 13 percent. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While nine out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only seven out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.
[B]The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25-to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and nonwhite students are eager to graduate from college—but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college-graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.
[C]The problem is noticeable at public universities. In 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madison—one of the top five or so "public Ivies"—graduated 81 percent of its white students within six years, but only 56 percent of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally—but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15 percent of African-Americans did so as well.
[D]Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. "Higher education has been able to get around this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it’s their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action—students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at top schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "undermatched": they could get into better, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill—knowing full well that the students won’t make it. "Colleges know that a lot of kids they take will end up in remedial classes, for which they’ll get no college credit and then they’ll be dismissed," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. "The school gets to keep the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end."
[E]A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. University administrators insist that most of those hikes are matched by increased scholarship grants or loans, but the recession has decreased private endowments(捐助)and cut into state spending on higher education. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university equaled 28 percent of median family income, while a four-year private university cost 76 percent of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on scores, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they end up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.
[F]There once was a time when universities took an unreasonable pride in their drop-out rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the faster pace of a university classroom, and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified.
[G]State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them a head start on college-level courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and nonwhite students as early as the seventh grade, using new tools like hip-hop competitions to identify kids with sophisticated verbal(语言的)means. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.
[H]With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Virginia. Its student body is less than 5 percent black and less than 2 percent Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90 percent of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63 percent by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring(师徒制)of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.
Since American’s rank in graduation rate dropped dramatically, the young may be less well educated than their fathers.
选项
答案
B
解析
根据题目中的American和graduation rate定位到B段。该段前两句讲的正是题目中所说的美国毕业率排名的下降,故其导致的结果在下一句中找,第3句中的rising generation指的是现在的年轻人,the previous one指的是年轻人的前辈,题目中的the young和their fathers分别为它们的同义替换,内容与原文相符,故本题出自B段。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HFY7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Thepredictabilityofourmortalityratesissomethingthathaslongpuzzledsocialscientists.Afterall,thereisnonaturalr
Differentthingsusuallystandfordifferentfeelings.Red,forexample,isthecoloroffire,heat,bloodandlife.Peoplesay
College-boundAmericanhighschoolstudentsusuallyhavesomecombinationofparents,teachers,guidancecounselors,orpeersto
Teachingchildrentoreadwellfromthestartisthemostimportanttaskofelementaryschools.Butrelyingoneducatorstoappr
GettingThin—forGoodA)Justabouteveryonehasbeenonadietatonetimeoranother,andmillionsofushavelearnedthatthe
GettingThin—forGoodA)Justabouteveryonehasbeenonadietatonetimeoranother,andmillionsofushavelearnedthatthe
A、He’llbeabletocleanthehouseintime.B、Hedoesn’thavetimetotakethewomanhome.C、Itshouldbeeasyforthegueststo
A、Helikesringsverymuch.B、Heoftenburnsholesinhisnewcoats.C、He’sveryextravagantwithmoney.D、Heisverypoor.C由男士
Halfacenturyago,mostpeoplelivedin【B1】______areas.However,accordingtothemostrecentestimateprojectedbytheUnited
A、Softdrinkscausechildren’saggressivebehavior.B、Softdrinkshavetoomuchsugar.C、Sodaistheworstsoftdrink.D、Childre
随机试题
A、Theresortcenter.B、TheWeatherBureau.C、TheJusticeDepartment.D、TheTransportMinistry.D新闻中提到,日本交通运输部已经展开调查。
下面关于线程的叙述中,正确的是()
A、 B、 C、 D、 B
A.给氧、止痛B.先就地抢救,待情况稳定后转院C.呼叫120,由车上急救人员陪送医院D.取半坐位,保持呼吸道通畅E.途中密切观察病情变化细菌性食物中毒应用哪种检查方法
对经纪融资回购业务,融资方结算参与人应将自己证券账户中的债券作为质押券向中国结算公司提交,并以自己的名义与中国结算公司建立质押关系。()
上海证券交易所仍维持原状,规定国债、企业债折成的标准券不可合并计算,要区分国债回购和企业债回购。()
()领导全国公安机关的督察工作,负责对公安部所属单位和下级公安机关及其人民警察依法履行职责、行使职权和遵守纪律的情况进行监督,对公安部部长负责。
婆罗门教的经典和主要教义。
下列选项中,属于对象认识错误的是()
Jaguar
最新回复
(
0
)