首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The culture industry did away with yesterday’s rubbish by its own perfection, and by forbidding and domesticating the amateurish
The culture industry did away with yesterday’s rubbish by its own perfection, and by forbidding and domesticating the amateurish
admin
2009-06-24
28
问题
The culture industry did away with yesterday’s rubbish by its own perfection, and by forbidding and domesticating the amateurish, although it constantly allows gross blunders without which the standard of the exalted style cannot be perceived.
66.______.
Nevertheless the culture industry remains the entertainment business. Its influence over the consumers is established by entertainment; that will ultimately be broken not by an outright decree, but by the hostility inherent in the principle of entertainment to what is greater than itself. Since all the trends of the culture industry are profoundly embedded in the public by the whole social process, they are encouraged by the survival of the market in this area. Demand has not yet been replaced by simple obedience. As is well known, the major reorganization of the film industry shortly before World War I, the material prerequisite of its expansion, was precisely its deliberate acceptance of the public’s needs as recorded at the box-office, a procedure which was hardly thought necessary in the pioneering days of the screen.
67.______.
Amusement under late capitalism is the prolongation of work. It is sought after as an escape from the mechanized work process, and to recruit strength in order to be able to cope with it again. But at the same time mechanization has such power over a man’s leisure and happiness, and so profoundly determines the manufacture of amusement goods, that his experiences are inevitably after-images of the work process itself. The ostensible content is merely a faded foreground; what sinks in is the automatic succession of standardized operations. What happens at work, in the factory, or in the office can only be escaped from by approximation to it in one’s leisure time.
68.______.
The tendency mischievously to fall back on pare nonsense, which was a legitimate part of popular art, farce and clowning, right up to Chaplin and the Marx Brothers, is most obvious in the unpretentious kinds.
69.______.
The idea itself, together with the objects of comedy and terror, is massacred and fragmented. Novelty songs have always existed on a contempt for meaning which, as predecessors and successors of psychoanalysis, they reduce to the monotony of sexual symbolism.
70.______.
Cartoons were once exponents of fantasy as opposed to rationalism. They ensured that justice was done to the creatures and objects they electrified, by giving the maimed specimens a second life.
A. All amusement suffers from this incurable malady. Pleasure hardens into boredom because, if it is to remain pleasure, it must not demand any effort and therefore moves rigorously in the worn grooves of association. No independent thinking must be expected from the audience: the product prescribes every reaction: not by its natural structure (which collapses under reflection), but by signals. Any logical connection calling for mental effort is painstakingly avoided. As far as possible, developments must follow from the immediately preceding situation and never from the idea of the whole. For the attentive movie-goer any individual scene will give him the whole thing. Even the set pattern itself still seems dangerous, offering some meaning, wretched as it might he, where only meaninglessness is acceptable.
B. But what is new is that the irreconcilable elements of culture, art and distraction, are subordinated to one end and subsumed under one false formula: the totality of the culture industry. It consists of repetition. That its characteristic innovations are never anything more than improvements of mass reproduction is not external to the system. It is with good mason that the interest of innumerable consumers is directed to the technique, and not to the contents which are stubbornly repeated, outworn, and by now half-discredited. The social power which the spectators worship shows itself more effectively in the omnipresence of the stereotype imposed by technical skill than in the stale ideologies for which the ephemeral contents stand in.
C. The same opinion is held today by the captains of the film industry, who take as their criterion the more or less phenomenal song hits but wisely never have recourse to the judgment of truth, the opposite criterion. Business is their ideology. It is quite correct that the power of the culture industry resides in its identification with a manufactured need, and not in simple contrast to it, even if this contrast were one of complete power and complete powerlessness.
D. Today, detective and adventure films no longer give the audience the opportunity to experience the resolution. In the non-ironic varieties of the genre, it has also to rest content with the simple horror of situations which have almost ceased to be linked in any way.
E. This tendency has completely asserted itself in the text of the novelty song, in the thriller movie, and in cartoons, although in films starring Greer Garson and Bette Davis the unity of the socio-psychological case study provides something approximating a claim to a consistent plot.
F. Often the plot is maliciously deprived of the development demanded by characters and matter according to the old pattern. Instead, the next step is what the script writer takes to be the most striking effect in the particular situation. Banal though elaborate surprise interrupts the story-line.
选项
答案
A
解析
上段描写了后资本主义时期的娱乐文化,它是一种机械化的制作过程,人们从娱乐里得到的是对生活的程式化的表达,下文要说的是所有的娱乐形式大都如此。答案段落就是对所有娱乐业总体情况的概括。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HGHd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
TheySayIreland’stheBestIrelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005,accordingtoalifequalityranking
I’mcontentwiththewaythecampaignhasgone.
Hisshoeswereshinedtoperfection.
SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgoIfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugen
SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgoIfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthurFrommerorEugen
Thereasonthatmanypeoplefindithardtorelaxthesedaysisthat______.Welearnfromthepassagethat______.
TheFatProblemThatMenFaceItisapleasuretoseemenofacertainageworryingabouttheirweight.Listeningtothemis
TheStoryteller1StevenSpielberghasalwayshadonegoal:totellasmanyinterestingstoriestoasmanypeopleaspossibl
WhenFearTakesControloftheMindApanicattackisasuddenfeelingofterror.Usuallyitdoesnotlastlong,butitmay
Theypromoteassimilationofethnicgroupsintothemain-streamculture.
随机试题
Afterthecompany______theproblemofunfaircompetition,itssalesfiguresdroppedtoarecordlow.
判断机体热平衡是否受到破坏的最直接的指标是()
患者,男,25岁。既往体健,半小时前从4m高处摔下,左胸疼痛,呼吸困难,急诊。神清合作,轻度紫绀,左前胸壁10cm×10cm皮下淤血,胸壁浮动,可触及骨摩擦,两肺未闻及湿哕音,胸片见左4、5、6肋各有两处骨折,肋膈角稍钝。此时患者呼吸困难的主要原因不是
在财产保险合同中,( )允许保险单随保险标的所有权的转移而自动转让,无须征得保险人的同意而继续有效。
培训项目材料不包括()。
【2016年第37题】郝大爷过马路时不幸摔倒昏迷,所幸有小伙子及时将他送往医院救治。郝大爷病情稳定后,有4位陌生小伙陈安、李康、张幸、汪福来医院看望他。郝大爷问他们究竟是谁送他来医院,他们回答如下:陈安:我们4人都没有送您来医院。李康:我们4人有人送您
设函数y=y(x)由方程确定,其中f具有二阶导数,().
下面关于并行接口标准叙述错误的是______。
Completethetablebelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.ProductSalesReport
Hepromisedthathewouldtakemyproposalinto_____.
最新回复
(
0
)