首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Present-day philosophers usually envision their discipline as an endeavor that has been, since antiquity, distinct from and supe
Present-day philosophers usually envision their discipline as an endeavor that has been, since antiquity, distinct from and supe
admin
2009-06-24
50
问题
Present-day philosophers usually envision their discipline as an endeavor that has been, since antiquity, distinct from and superior to any particular intellectual discipline, such as theology or science. Such philosophical concerns as the mind-body problem or, more generally, the nature of human knowledge, they believe, are basic human questions whose tentative philosophical solutions have served as the necessary foundations on which all other intellectual speculation has rested.
The basis for this view, however, lies in a serious misinterpretation of the past, a projection of modern concerns onto past events. The idea of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy", distinct from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology and science turns out, on close examination, to be of quite recent origin. When, in the seventeenth century, Descartes and Hobbes rejected medieval philosophy, they did not think of themselves, as modern philosophers do, as proposing a new and better philosophy, but rather as furthering "the warfare between science and theology". They were fighting, albeit discreetly, to open the intellectual world to the new science and to liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy, and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth, not of philosophy, but of research in mathematics and physics. This link between philosophical interests and scientific practice persisted until the nineteenth century, when decline in ecclesiastical power over scholarship and changes in the nature of science provoked the final-separation of philosophy from both.
The demarcation of philosophy from science was facilitated by the development in the early nineteenth century of a new notion, that philosophy’s core interest should be epistemology, the general explanation of what it means to know something. Modern philosophers now trace that notion back at least to Descartes and Spinoza, but it was not explicitly articulated until the late eighteenth century, by Kant, and did not become built into the structure of academic institutions and the standard self-descriptions of philosophy professors until the late nineteenth century. Without the idea of epistemology, the survival of philosophy in an age of modern science is hard to imagine. Metaphysics philosophy’s traditional core—considered as the most general description of how the heavens and the earth are put together—had been rendered almost completely meaningless by the spectacular progress of physics. Kant, however, by focusing philosophy on the problem of knowledge, managed to replace metaphysics with epistemology, and thus to transform the notion of philosophy as "queen of sciences" into the new notion of philosophy as a separate, foundational discipline. Philosophy became "primary" no longer in the sense of "highest" but in the sense of "underlying". After Kant, philosophers were able to reinterpret seventeenth and eighteenth century thinkers as attempting to discover "How is our knowledge possible?" and to project this question back even on the ancients.
选项
A、Philosophy’s overriding interest in basic human question is a legacy primarily of the work of Kant.
B、Philosophy was deeply involved in the seventeenth-century warfare between science and religion.
C、The set of problems of primary importance to philosophers has remained relatively constant since antiquity.
D、The status of philosophy as an independent intellectual pursuit is a relatively recent development.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HNTd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Howmuchwouldfourpoundsofteaweighifitwastaken4,000milesoutfromthesurfaceoftheearth?Accordingtothepassage
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?"Some"inthelastsentenceofthe
AdaptationofLivingThingsCertainanimalsandplantsdevelopcharacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbe
Theeternalmotionofthestarsfascinatedhim.
IrealizedtomyhorrorthatIhadforgottenthepresent.
A.ThewaycompaniesreachingthesavingsB.WhystockexchangecomesintobeingC.ThefactionofstockexchangeD.Howthesavers
Shemarriedherboss’ssonbecauseshewantedahusbandfromawealthyfamily.Butshehadtobearherhusband’sbadtemper.
TheAmericanFamilyIntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking.Whenthechildrenar
ShoppinginthesupermarketRememberwhenatriptothesupermarketwasnothingmorethanaboringthingrequiringlittleorno
随机试题
肝肾不足,腰膝酸痛,宜用
根据中医文献记载,中药炮制理论的形成期是
下面不属于主动靶向制剂的是
《合同法》第72条规定:“债权人可以拒绝债务人部分履行债务,但部分履行不损害债权人利益的除外。债务人部分履行债务给债权人增加的费用,由债务人负担。”试评析这一法条。
背景资料:某集团公司项目部承担某段铁路工程施工,其中一部分为邻近干线营业线增二线,另一部分为双绕新线。主体工程包括石方路堑拓宽、小桥顶进、涵洞接长、新建高桥与隧道、深路堑、高填方及一般路基工程;附属工程包括道口接长及路基防护等。施工期间既有线正常
下列关于行政强制的说法错误的是()。
大学四年级某班共有50名同学,其中奥运会志愿者10人,全运会志愿者17人,30人两种志愿者都不是,则班内是全运会志愿者而非奥运会志愿者的同学数为多少?()
某高校组织了一次试验,学校研究人员把大脑分为若干个区域,扫描后比较了每个人大脑各区域的脑灰质含量。最后的数据显示,智商测试中得分高的人与得分低的人相比,其大脑中有24个区域灰质含量更多,这些区域大都负责人的记忆、反应和语言等各种功能。上述科研人员的判断还需
某品牌电视机厂将所生产的产品全部进行产品质量保险。如果出现质量问题,由保险公司负责赔偿。该企业这种做法()。
根据下述材料,写一篇。700字左右的论说文,题目自拟。中国有句成语叫“缘木求鱼”,用来比喻方法、方向不对就不可能达到自己的目的。然而在我国云南西双版纳。竟然可以在树上捉到名叫“巴跌”的小鱼。
最新回复
(
0
)