首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The energy contained in rock within the earth’s crust represents a nearly unlimited energy source, but until recently commercial
The energy contained in rock within the earth’s crust represents a nearly unlimited energy source, but until recently commercial
admin
2014-02-22
54
问题
The energy contained in rock within the earth’s crust represents a nearly unlimited energy source, but until recently commercial retrieval has been limited to underground hot water and/or steam recovery systems. These systems have been developed in areas of recent volcanic activity, where high rates of heat flow cause visible eruption of water in the form of geysers and hot springs. In other areas, however, hot rock also exists near the surface but there is insufficient water present to produce eruptive phenomena. Thus a potential hot dry rock(HDR)reservoir exists whenever the amount of spontaneously produced geothermal fluid has been judged inadequate for existing commercial systems.
As a result of recent energy crisis, new concepts for creating HDR recovery systems — which involve drilling holes and connecting them to artificial reservoirs placed deep within the crust — are being developed. In all attempts to retrieve energy from HDRs, artificial stimulation will be required to create either sufficient permeability or bounded flow paths to facilitate the removal of heat by circulation of a fluid over the surface of the rock.
The HDR resource base is generally defined to include crustal rock that is hotter than 150°C, is at depths less than ten kilometers, and can be drilled with presently available equipment. Although wells deeper than ten kilometers are technically feasible, prevailing economic factors will obviously determine the commercial feasibility of wells at such depths. Rock temperatures as low as 100°C may be useful for space heating; however, for producing electricity, temperatures greater than 200 °C are desirable. The geothermal gradient, which specifically determines the depth of drilling required to reach a desired temperature, is a major factor in the recoverability of geothermal resources. Temperature gradient maps generated from oil and gas well temperature-depth records kept by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists suggest that tappable high-temperature gradients are distributed all across the United States.(There are many areas, however, for which no temperature gradient records exist.)
Indications are that the HDR resource base is very large.If an average geothermal temperature gradient of 22 °C per kilometer of depth is used, a staggering 13,000,000 quadrillion B.T.U. ’s of total energy are calculated to be contained in crustal rock to a ten-kilometer depth in the United States. If we conservatively estimate that only about 0.2 percent is recoverable, we find a total of all the coal remaining in the United States. The remaining problem is to balance the economics of deeper, hotter, more costly wells and shallower, cooler, less expensive wells against the value of the final product, electricity and/or heat.
The passage would be most likely to appear in a______.
选项
A、petrological research report focused on the history of temperature-depth records in the United States
B、congressional report urging the conservation of oil and natural gas reserves in the United States
C、technical journal article concerned with the recoverability of newly identified energy sources
D、consumer report describing the extent and accessibility of remaining coal resources
答案
C
解析
本题为分析推理题。本文主要讲述了HDR的利用问题,由此可知,这是一篇与能源利用相关的科技类文章。C选项最符合基于原文的推断,因此C项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HXQO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,andalthoughwemaytake【46】forgranted,weoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwem
ThemostfamouspainterinVictoria’shistoryisEmilyCarr.Whenshewasachild,shediscoveredthatwalkinginthewoods【C1】_
Therearegreatcareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduct
Asthetwentiethcenturybegan,theimportanceofformaleducationintheUnitedStatesincreased.Thefrontierhadmostlydisap
Thelowoperatingcostsoftheforeigncompanywill______thehighlaborcoststhebusinesspaysinitsowncountry.
Duringthenormaldevelopmentofself,achildisaffectedbycertaininfluentialfactors.1._____.Infantsformanattachmentwi
Anofficeisthe"brain"ofabusiness.Inanoffice,figures,listsandinformationarecompiledwhichtellthemanagersorhe
AsistheChinesecook’scustom,mymotheralwaysmade______remarksaboutherowncooking.
Thecollaborationamongscientists,universitiesandindustryisnotnew.Boththeuniversityadministrationandtheindustrypl
各国文明的多样性,是人类社会的基本特征,也是推动世界文明进步的重要动力。当今世界拥有60亿人口,200多个国家和地区,2500多个民族,5000多种语言。由于历史传统、宗教信仰、文化背景、社会制度、价值观念和发展程度的不同,各国国家和地区才具有了各自鲜明的
随机试题
A.肠鸣音亢进B.肠鸣音消失C.金属音D.震水音E.肠鸣音减弱麻痹性肠梗阻可有
也许在很多人看来,有时诚信似乎很傻,很没有意义,因为诚信往往会伴随自身利益的失去。可是,也许下一个因丧失诚信而受害的人,就会是你或你身边的人。或许违约失信可以获得一些蝇头小利,可是当花失去香味时,再美丽的花朵也难逃凋亡的命运。诚信正是如此。诚信是中华民族的
A.theyspentontheirweddingB.ItcanbesmallC.ItreallywasD.Yes,that’strueE.Iwouldn’twantasmallweddingF.Il
下列关于初级卵母细胞描述正确的是哪项
A.公正B.权利C.廉洁奉公D.医德评价E.医患关系属于医学伦理学基本原则的是
下述黏膜组织中,何处无黏膜下层
甲公司委托乙公司购买1台机器,双方约定:乙公司以自己的名义购买机器:机器购买价格为20万元;乙公司的报酬为8000元。双方未约定其他事项。乙公司接受委托后,积极与丙公司交涉协商,最终乙公司以自己的名义从丙公司处购得该种机器1台,价款为19.5万元.乙公司
[2012年第48题]近期国际金融危机对于毕业生的就业影响非常大,某高校就业中心的陈老师希望广大同学能够调整自己的心态和预期。他在一次就业指导会上提出,有些同学对自己的职业定位还不够准确。如果陈老师的陈述为真,则以下哪项不一定为真?Ⅰ.不是所有的人对自
二次型f(x1,x2,x3)=x12+4x22+3x32-4x1x2+2x1x3+8x2x3的秩等于()。
Accordingtothepassage,themassmediapresentuswith______.Whatistheauthor’sfinaljudgmentonhowmasscommunications
最新回复
(
0
)