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  3. Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

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问题     Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
    This distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologists, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bond to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiated, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of any peoples function in the lives of the individuals.
    Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter, the fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
Which of the following is the best title for the text?
选项 A、Human Behavior
B、Creatures of Society
C、The Science of Custom
D、The Functions of Cultures
答案C
解析 该题属主旨大意题中的最佳标题题。根据原文各段主旨和主旨大意题解题原则：概括性和针对性，可知唯有选项[C]能概括文章主旨anthropology，也即The Science of Custom。
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考研英语一

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