首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
"Frontier", one of many English words that took on new meanings in North America, has assumed as well a role in explaining the c
"Frontier", one of many English words that took on new meanings in North America, has assumed as well a role in explaining the c
admin
2011-03-11
59
问题
"Frontier", one of many English words that took on new meanings in North America, has assumed as well a role in explaining the continent’s history during the past five hundred years. In time the word has acquired other connotations, both positive and negative. Among historians, the term "frontier" is most closely associated with Frederick Jackson Turner, whose essay profoundly influenced American historiography for forty years after its publication in 1893.
Reacting against historians who considered American history essentially an outgrowth of British and European institutions, Turner argued that Old World customs and attitudes broke down and reformed in America’s radically different physical and social environment. The opportunity of "free land" drew pioneers westward into settings that required them to modify or scrap entirely many of the institutions and values of their previous lives. The result was a "merged nationality", a distinctive culture and people.
Although he emphasized the positive, Turner observed that the same conditions that had helped reshape the society had less desirable effects. For instance, as early governments they had to create political forms almost on the fly, they were less likely to innovate than to copy what they knew from the past. The tension between change and tradition was played out in gender relations. Frontier conditions often required women to take on roles usually reserved for men, but the crushing load of work made women’s lives difficult and dangerous and left little room for individual fulfillment outside their labors.
By Turner’s death in 1932, more fundamental critiques of his ideas were being heard. Some stressed that many other factors—among them patterns of immigration, American society’s middleclass nature, etc.—influenced the national character at least as much as the frontier. Others argued that class divisions and social and economic hierarchies have been much more a part of American life than the frontier-inspired equality implied in Turner’s work.
The effect of these various critiques has been paradoxical. No longer considered the primary formative force on continental history, the frontier has been more broadly defined and its explanatory power has grown. Recent research has explored the interactions among Europeans, Euro-Americans, and Indian peoples. Along the various frontiers there developed what the historian Richard White has called a "middle ground", cultures of overlapping customs and mutual borrowing in which all sides created new terms of understanding and exchange. Consequently, many tribes merged and consolidated to meet the threats and opportunities posed by the newcomers. A frontier in this sense was certainly not a division between "civilization and savagery", but rather a place where peoples, ideas, cultures, and institutions came together and interacted on many levels, sometimes mixing and sometimes conflicting but always in mutual influence.
We may infer from the second paragraph that Turner believed______.
选项
A、American history grew out of British and European traditions
B、America’s environment was not well prepared for institutions from Europe
C、situations in the U.S. adapted old World values
D、Free land opportunity required pioneers to form a new culture
答案
C
解析
此题考查考生根据原文具体信息进行判断的能力。第二段第一句提到“Turner argued that Old World customs and attitudes broke down and reformed in America’s radically different physical and social environment”,即Turner认为“旧世界”的习惯与态度在美国迥然不同的物质和社会环境中崩溃并发生变革,这就说明美国的条件与“旧世界”的价值是相符的,只有这样才会使“旧世界”在其中发生变革,故C选项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/I6p4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
InthenineteenthcenturyCharlesDickens,theEnglishnovelist,wroteexcitedly(1)_____astage-coach,pulledalongbyateam
InthenineteenthcenturyCharlesDickens,theEnglishnovelist,wroteexcitedly(1)_____astage-coach,pulledalongbyateam
(46)Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwell-adjustedchildreninmodemsoci
(46)Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwell-adjustedchildreninmodemsoci
(46)Basedonaccumulatedsocialresearch,therenowcanbelittledoubtthatsuccessfulandwell-adjustedchildreninmodemsoci
TravelmedicineinBritainis________.InBehren’sopinionthequestionofwhoshouldruntravelmedicine
InwhichareadothefindingsoftheresearchershaveconflictionwiththoseBritain’sHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE),thegov
Whatcanweinferfromthefactthattheworldwasperceivedasflat?Policiesinthesocialsciencestargetto
ThesubjectofmystudyisawomanwhoisinitiatingsocialchangeinasmallregioninTexas.ThewomenareMexicanAmericansw
Eventhoughshewasblindanddeaf,HelenKellerwasawomanwithanextraordinarysocialvision.(46)Whenmostwomen’srightsa
随机试题
对投资管理能力的评价包括()。
Itwasacaseofemergency.Thefour-year-oldgirlawokeandsmelledsmoke.Shecouldn’twakehermother,soshedialed"zero".
工程定额按使用用途分包括()。
梁ABC的弯矩图如图5—23所示,根据梁的弯矩图,可以断定该梁截面B处()。
下列对词语意义的解释,错误的是()。
不可抗力,是指不能预见、不能避免并不能克服的客观情况。因不可抗力不能履行合同或者造成他人损害的,不承担民事责任,法律另有规定的除外。根据上述定义,下列情况不属于不可抗力的是:
A、 B、 C、 D、 A
毛泽东思想的思想理论渊源和文化来源有
ECC的准确解释为______。A.错误检查B.错误纠正C.自动错误检查与纠正D.综合性能
MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancia
最新回复
(
0
)