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  3. It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most wor

It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most wor

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问题     It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder,【C1】________, to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviours have multiple components.【C2】________one and the others become distorted.
    Travel on a London bus and you’ll【C3】________see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to【C4】________that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are【C5】________. How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
    Why? Because the target is【C6】________. People complained that buses were late and infrequent.
    【C7】________, the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were【C8】________or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit their targets. But they【C9】________hit cyclists. If the target was changed to【C10】________, you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more【C11】________drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
    There is another【C12】________: people become immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you【C13】________ that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a【C14】________is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight.
    The【C15】________of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well【C16】________others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a【C17】________. Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
    This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria【C18】________critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not to【C19】________just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better【C20】________the objective.
【C2】
选项 A、Emphasize
B、Identify
C、Assess
D、Explain
答案A
解析 本题考查动词辨析。本动词处于一个祈使句的句首，其宾语是one。之后的句子是the others become distorted(其他因素会被扭曲)。很明显这里出现了英语中一个常见的句式“one…the others”，并且one与the others之间往往是对立的关系。同时，之前的句子信息Most work-related behaviours have multiple components (大多数与工作有关的行为都有多重组成因素)，这里的one与the others指代的都是components(组成因素)。根据the others的结果是distorted(被扭曲)，可以判断本填空对于orle的动作应该是一个与distorted(被扭曲)具有相反意义的动作。四个选项中最合适的是A项Emphasize(强调)，即“强调一个因素就会造成其他因素被扭曲”，因此本题答案是选项A。
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