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  3. Material culture refers to the touchable, material "things"—physical objects that can be seen, held, fell, used — that a culture

Material culture refers to the touchable, material "things"—physical objects that can be seen, held, fell, used — that a culture

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问题    Material culture refers to the touchable, material "things"—physical objects that can be seen, held, fell, used — that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music: can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of "things" in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot bear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their develop ment. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments,  as well as paintings, written documents, and so on,  we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.
   Sheet music or printed music,  too,  is material culture.  Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutusl influence
among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music cul Lure as a whole.
   One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; the)’ have affected music cultures all over the globe.
It can be learned from this passage that______.
选项 A、the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music
B、Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra
C、the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music
D、the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music
答案B
解析 本题考查考生对文章第一段最后十句“．．．or we can out line the spread of．Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments…the symphony orchestra．”的理解，显然[B]是正确答案，
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