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  3. We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and it

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问题     We’ve been having the wrong discussion about globalization.【F1】For years, we’ve argued over whether this or that industry and its workers might suffer from imports and whether the social costs were worth the economic gains from foreign products, technologies and investments. By and large, the answer has been "yes." But the truly significant questions about globalization are harder toanswer. Is an increasingly interconnected world economy basically stable? Or does it generate periodic crises that harm everyone and spawn international conflict?
   【F2】Let’s concede that the present U.S. economic slowdown—maybe already a recession—stems mostly from familiar domestic causes: the burst housing "bubble," problematic lending practices and households’ heavy debt burdens. All have depressed housing and consumer spending. Still, global factors, notably high oil and food prices, have aggravated the slump, and there is a general anxiety that we are in the grip of worldwide economic and financial forces that we do not understand and cannot easily control. This sense of foreboding is not unreasonable, and it helps explain the yawning gap between the economy’s actual performance (poor, but not horrific) and mass psychology (almost horrific).
    The good that globalization has done is hard to dispute, though some do.【F3】Trade-driven economic growth and technology transfer have alleviated much human misery, and if present economic trends continue, the worldwide middle class will expand by an additional 2 billion by 2030.  In the U-nited States, imports and foreign competition have raised incomes by 10 percent since World War II, some studies suggest. Job losses, though real, are often exaggerated. In the late 1990s, U.S. trade deficits increased while unemployment fell.
   【F4】But these advances could be halted or reversed by a disorderly global economy, an economy plagued by financial crises, interruptions of crucial supplies (oil, obviously), trade wars or violent business cycles. This is globalization’s Achilles’ heel. Connections among countries have deepened and become more contradictory. Take oil producers.【F5】On one hand, high oil prices hurt advanced countries; but on the other, oil countries have an interest in keeping advanced countries prosperous, because that’s where much surplus oil wealth is invested.
    Today’s global economy baffles experts—corporate executives, bankers, economists—as much as ordinary people. Anyone who says differently is either deluded or dishonest. Countries are growing economically more interdependent and politically more nationalistic. They try to maximize their own advantage rather than make the system work for everyone. Considering how much could go wrong, the record is so far remarkably favorable. Alas, that’s no guarantee for the future.
【F3】
选项
答案由自由贸易推动的经济增长和技术转让已经大大减轻了人们的窘困。如果目前的经济趋势能够保持，那么到2030年。全球中产阶级人数将再增加20亿。
解析 本句包含三种时态，完成时、现在时和将来时，翻译成汉语时要体现出时间上的差异。alleviate much human miser"减轻人类的很多痛苦”，这不符合中文的表达习惯，中文通常是说“大大减轻了人类的痛苦”。
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