首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
人类性格与行为形成的原因及影响 ——1990年英译汉及详解 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not e
人类性格与行为形成的原因及影响 ——1990年英译汉及详解 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not e
admin
2014-11-27
60
问题
人类性格与行为形成的原因及影响
——1990年英译汉及详解
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions.【F1】
They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.
There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as "nature vs. nurture".
【F2】
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
【F3】
That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.
Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is pre-determined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Those who support the "nurture" theory, that is, they advocate education, are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings.【F4】
The behaviorists maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.
Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic, intelligence, offered by the two theories.【F5】
Supporters of the "nature" theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined.
Needless to say: They don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand, behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.【F6】
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.【F7】
In the United States, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.
This leads some "nature" proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.【F8】
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.
【F1】
选项
答案
他们想要说明,为什么我们具有某些性格特征和表现出某些行为。
解析
本句考查的重点是:宾语从句。 explain后是why引导的宾语从句,从句中的主语是we,谓语分别是possess和exhibit,由连词and连接。其中possess“拥有”characteristics“特征”在这里指性格特征。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/IvK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Itisnaturalforyoungpeopletobecriticaloftheirparentsattimesandtoblamethemformostofthemisunderstandingsbetw
Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatsealevel.Nea
Seariseasaconsequenceofglobalwarmingwouldimmediatelythreatenthatlargefractionoftheglobelivingatsealevel.Nea
Researchonanimalintelligencealwaysmakesmewonderjusthowsmarthumansare.【C1】______thefruit-flyexperimentsdescribedi
Onestudentafteranother______uptoanswertheteacher’squestions.
Adoptingthismethod,theteamraisedtheaverageyield______40%.
TheQuestionthattheBitTorrentProcedureKindlesBramCohenwasanunusualkid.Whileotherfirst-graderswereoutsidepl
Whereverpeoplehavebeen,theyhaveleftwastebehind,whichcancauseallsortsofproblems.Wasteoftenstinks,attractsverm
Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself______afterbyanoldwoman.
(46)ButbehindthedealisanotherHewlett-Packardambition:toextendthereachofitsdominantprintingandimagingdivision,
随机试题
磨擦是机器能量损失的主要原因。
土质防渗体分区坝中防渗体与坝体渗透性的要求,正确的是()。
根据我国《消防法》的规定,在设有车间或者仓库的建筑物内,不得设置员工集体宿舍。对已经设置且确有困难不能立即加以解决的,应当采取必要的消防安全措施,经( )批准后,可以在限期内继续使用。
对于无市政消火栓或消防给水不足、无消防车通道的区域,应根据具体条件修建容量为()m3的消防蓄水池。
甲、乙、丙三人共同出资依法成立东方科技开发有限责任公司。甲、乙、丙各自㈩资情况如下:甲以科技开发所需设备出资,折合人民币8万元;乙以现金出资人民币12万元;丙以自己的一项方法发明专利技术出资,折合人民币4万元。
投资银行的资金来源主要是()。
位于舟山的沈家门人称“小上海”,是我国最大的渔港和海水产品的集散地,素有“渔都”之称。这里的海产品年产量约占全国的(),商品鱼占了全国的(),在全国排名第一。
A、 B、 C、 D、 B各项分别为分子为公差为2的等差数列:分母为公差为3的等差数列。
行政执法的权责统一原则的内容有
ArtificialIntelligenceI’msurethatHansMoravecisatleastassaneasIam,buthecertainlybroughttomindtheclassic
最新回复
(
0
)