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  3. Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration one of the great fol

Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration one of the great fol

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问题     Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 【F1】This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and. by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
     【F2】The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 【F3】But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
     【F4】The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.
    To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, "The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden." The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 【F5】The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.
【F2】
选项
答案合众国是两股主要力量作用的产物，一是具有不同思想、风俗和民族特点的欧洲各民族的迁入，二是一个新国家因改变了这些特征而产生的影响。
解析 本句主干是The United States is the product…。介词短语of two principal forces为后置定语修饰product；破折号后的内容是对two principal forces的解释说明，其中的with their varied ideas，customs…characteristics作定语修饰the immigration of European peoples，末尾部分定语从句which modified these traits修饰a new country。
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