首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessi
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessi
admin
2011-01-10
54
问题
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihood’s of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha!" experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.
One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.
Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.
The passage provides support for which of the following statements?
选项
A、Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.
B、Managers’ intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.
C、Logical analysis of a problem increases the number of possible solutions.
D、Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/JLcO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseebecarryingoutnextyear.
Theseniorsenatorhasinthepastthreetermsbothexperiencedthesweettasteofsuccessandthebitternessofdefeatinhisl
Failuretofollowtheclubrules______himfromthevolleyballteam.
Ifthebatik’sstatementagreeswithmybankbalance,itdoesnotfollowindisputablythatthebalanceiscorrect.
Ifyouleftyourbookonthetableovernight,youwouldfindthefollowingmorningthatitwasstillexactlywhenyouhadlefti
Ifyouleftyourbookonthetableovernight,youwouldfindthefollowingmorningthatitwasstillexactlywhenyouhadlefti
Ifyouleftyourbookonthetableovernight,youwouldfindthefollowingmorningthatitwasstillexactlywhenyouhadlefti
Followingayearoffastdevelopment,bythefirstquarterofthisyear,Chinahashadabout1,100e-commercewebsites.
随机试题
要求较高时,容量瓶在使用前应进行体积校正。()
病灶侧单眼失明猝倒发作
患者,女,40岁。因慢性腹泻半年余,伴左下腹隐痛,体查:左下腹压痛。门诊行x线钡剂灌肠检查,见结肠边缘毛刺状,结肠袋消失,肠壁变硬,肠管缩短,肠腔变窄呈铅管状,其诊断应考虑为
不完全竞争市场分为三种类型.即()。
下列选项中,能够表明城市经济学与城市规划关系的有()。
根据新《海关法》的规定,下列属于关税的纳税义务人的是()。
甲公司为一家从事货物生产、进出口销售的大型公司,在美国设有子公司(乙公司)。甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,适用的增值税税率为17%,外币业务采用交易发生日的即期汇率折算。(1)2×14年9月30日有关外币科目余额如下:其中:甲公司所持对乙公司的长期应收款
求微分方程y"一y’+2y=0的通解.
EatHealthy"Cleanyourplate!"and"Beamemberoftheclean-plateclub!"JustabouteverykidintheUShasheardthisfrom
Buyone,getonefreeThismonthonlyatCraig’sOutdoorsyoucanbuyanymountainbikeinthestoreandgetasecondone,v
最新回复
(
0
)